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胡麻與菜籽機械化榨油賦能鄉(xiāng)村振興

———小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟新動能
2024-08-22 09:01:56 來源：山西省古交市農(nóng)業(yè)機械發(fā)展中心 陳琦 閱讀量：16109 評論

導讀：古交市農(nóng)業(yè)機械發(fā)展中心通過2023年農(nóng)產(chǎn)品高標準初加工項目建設(shè)，補齊機械化榨油初加工短板，配齊油料精煉加工裝備，不斷強化加工流程及技術(shù)優(yōu)勢。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 在鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的推動下，小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟正在成為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要組成部分。然而，由于小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟主體分散、規(guī)模較小，其在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工，特別是油料作物的榨油環(huán)節(jié)上面臨諸多挑戰(zhàn)。胡麻、大豆、菜籽等油料作物在山西省古交市廣泛種植，但傳統(tǒng)的榨油方式多以手工或簡單機械為主，出油率低，且油品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定。由于缺乏現(xiàn)代化的加工技術(shù)和設(shè)備、加工方式落后，產(chǎn)品在質(zhì)量和品牌上難以與大規(guī)模工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)的油品競爭，市場占有率低，銷售渠道單一。這不僅影響了小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，也阻礙了鄉(xiāng)村振興目標的實現(xiàn)。
 
　　為了解決這些問題，推動小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，古交市農(nóng)業(yè)機械發(fā)展中心通過2023年農(nóng)產(chǎn)品高標準初加工項目建設(shè)，補齊機械化榨油初加工短板，配齊油料精煉加工裝備，不斷強化加工流程及技術(shù)優(yōu)勢。目前，古交市福沃農(nóng)機合作社機械化榨油裝備出油可達國家二級標準食用油。
 
　　該工藝流程首先對胡麻或菜籽進行40分鐘的炒制，以提高出油率。經(jīng)過初步榨油提取第一階段的食用油，再進行二次榨油得到第二階段的食用油，此階段的油品含有少量殘渣。經(jīng)過一晚靜置和8小時的精煉處理，最終得到高純度的精煉油。加工過程中損耗約為2-3斤。整體上，項目實現(xiàn)了32.5%的出油率和65%的殘渣利用率，損耗比為2.5%。項目還充分利用了生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的殘渣，將其作為肥料和飼料，進一步促進了農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。這一資源循環(huán)利用不僅減少了浪費，還提升了農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟收益，帶動了小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。通過引入新技術(shù)，古交市不僅發(fā)展了油料作物加工環(huán)節(jié)的新質(zhì)生產(chǎn)力，還為鄉(xiāng)村振興注入了強勁新動能。

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