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湖北省提高油料生產(chǎn)急需機具補貼標準，力爭2022年全省油菜機收損失率降低2%

2022-04-19 10:08:32 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：24442 評論

導讀：2022年，力爭全省油菜機收損失率降低2個百分點左右；2023-2025年，力爭全省油菜機收損失率每年降低1個百分點左右。力爭到2025年，全省油菜聯(lián)合機收損失率控制在8%以內(nèi)、分段機收損失率控制在6%以內(nèi)，并形成成熟的油菜機收技術模式和省級地方標準。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 今年，擴大油料作物生產(chǎn)是重要任務。在收獲環(huán)節(jié)，抓好機收減損工作，就是增加作物產(chǎn)量。去年，針對主糧作物，相關部門強化“減損就是增產(chǎn)”意識，在全面調(diào)查機收損失原因、精準制定減損方案措施基礎上，從確保機具和機手處于良好狀態(tài)這兩個關鍵發(fā)力，廣泛組織開展機收減損大宣傳、大培訓、大比武等系列活動，推動主要糧食作物機收減損取得明顯成效。根據(jù)各省實地抽測結果估算，全國主要農(nóng)時糧食機收環(huán)節(jié)損失率平均降低1個百分點，減少糧食機收環(huán)節(jié)損失約100億斤。
 
　　今年針對油菜這一重要油料作物，各地也在積極推進機收減損工作。近日，湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳辦公室印發(fā)了《湖北省推進油菜機收減損工作方案》(以下簡稱《工作方案》)，明確提出，2022年，力爭全省油菜機收損失率降低2個百分點左右；2023-2025年，力爭全省油菜機收損失率每年降低1個百分點左右。力爭到2025年，全省油菜聯(lián)合機收損失率控制在8%以內(nèi)、分段機收損失率控制在6%以內(nèi)，并形成成熟的油菜機收技術模式和省級地方標準。
 

 

　　《工作方案》要求深入開展油菜機收減損情況大調(diào)研、油菜機收減損政策大宣傳、油菜機收減損技術大培訓、油菜機收減損技能大比武以及油菜機收減損工作大指導。省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳將進一步加大農(nóng)機購置與應用補貼政策支持力度，對油料生產(chǎn)急需機具適當提高補貼標準；引導科研單位、農(nóng)機企業(yè)對現(xiàn)有油菜機收專用機具適配改造和研發(fā)攻關，并加快試制試驗、改進熟化、鑒定檢測和推廣應用步伐；積極推進菜籽油加工成套設施裝備補貼試點，為油菜全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展提供堅實的機械化支撐；支持各地在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)社會化服務項目、產(chǎn)糧(油)大縣獎勵資金等，對油菜機收環(huán)節(jié)給予重點支持。各地要通過報刊、電視、廣播、網(wǎng)絡、短視頻、明白紙、微信群等群眾喜聞樂見的傳播渠道，大力宣傳促進油料作物止損增產(chǎn)的重要意義、支持大豆油料擴種的相關政策、油菜機收減損技術指導意見(參見附件1、附件2)和油菜機收作業(yè)質(zhì)量標準等，引導廣大農(nóng)機手和農(nóng)戶牢固樹立“減損就是增產(chǎn)”意識，力爭在油菜收獲前，實現(xiàn)對基層農(nóng)業(yè)干部、農(nóng)機服務組織、油菜種植大戶等重點人群和主體全覆蓋。
 
　　《工作方案》提出，各油菜主產(chǎn)市、縣在實施高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育等項目時，要將油菜機收減損政策和技術作為重點培訓課程，把油菜機收專業(yè)農(nóng)機手納入重點培訓對象。力爭在今年油菜夏收之前對機手全部輪訓一遍，切實提高農(nóng)機手減損增產(chǎn)意識、政策理論水平和規(guī)范操作技能。各地應因時因地選擇分段或聯(lián)合機收方式，千方百計降低油菜機收損失率。對畝產(chǎn)150公斤以下的中低產(chǎn)田，可采取聯(lián)合機收方式；而對畝產(chǎn)150公斤以上，尤其是畝產(chǎn)180公斤以上的高產(chǎn)田，建議采取分段收獲方式。采用聯(lián)合機收的，應在油菜植株中上部莖稈明顯退綠、角果枯黃時(超過九成熟)，采用油菜聯(lián)合收割機一次性進行收割；收割機要加裝油菜專用割臺和邊刀，振動篩上要加一層鐵篩網(wǎng)。采取分段機收的，應在油菜全株角果70%-80%落黃，主莖中部角果籽粒呈該品種固有籽粒顏色時，采用人力或機械進行割倒平鋪，5-7天后再使用機械進行撿拾脫粒。夏收期間，鼓勵各地通過舉辦油菜機收減損技能大比武等活動，以賽促訓、以賽提技，千方百計降低油菜機收損失率。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。

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