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植保無(wú)人機(jī)何以被貼上“綠色環(huán)?！钡臉?biāo)簽？

2017-08-18 16:03:07 來(lái)源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：53787 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：農(nóng)用植保無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)入繁榮時(shí)代，其、、綠色環(huán)保的特點(diǎn)被大眾所公認(rèn)。但大多數(shù)人不知道，植保無(wú)人機(jī)為何被貼上綠色環(huán)保的標(biāo)簽。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】現(xiàn)今，農(nóng)用植保無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)入繁榮時(shí)代，其、、綠色環(huán)保的特點(diǎn)被大眾所公認(rèn)。但大多數(shù)人不知道，植保無(wú)人機(jī)為何被貼上綠色環(huán)保的標(biāo)簽。

 
　　體型小巧，材質(zhì)輕
 
　　身材小巧也就意味著制作時(shí)耗用的材料少。目前我國(guó)大的植保無(wú)人機(jī)直徑5米，重136斤，而一臺(tái)普通的傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)用機(jī)械至少要達(dá)上千斤。
 
　　復(fù)合材料的使用，可以減輕機(jī)身重量。傳統(tǒng)的無(wú)人植保機(jī)原材料多采用鋁合金等金屬材料，隨著復(fù)合材料的推廣應(yīng)用，其比強(qiáng)度和比剛度高、熱膨脹系數(shù)小、抗疲勞能力和抗振能力強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)深受廠家青睞。并且，和傳統(tǒng)金屬材料相比，將其應(yīng)用于無(wú)人機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)中可以減重25%~30%，同時(shí)增加有效載荷、提高自身安全性。
 
　　強(qiáng)度高、質(zhì)量輕的碳纖維復(fù)合材料被廣泛應(yīng)用于無(wú)人機(jī)制造。碳纖維管材通過(guò)拉擠、纏繞或吹氣成型，很大程度上可以代替植保無(wú)人機(jī)的機(jī)身機(jī)構(gòu)和零部件中鋁合金管材的使用。并且，碳纖維管材的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)已經(jīng)很成熟，能夠通過(guò)不同的模具生產(chǎn)出各種型材，不僅可以根據(jù)個(gè)體需求定制不同的壁管形狀、長(zhǎng)度、壁厚等，而且在后期加工過(guò)程中還可以選擇表面3K紋路或者噴漆等不同方式進(jìn)行包裝和美化，與此同時(shí)，批量化的生產(chǎn)方式也能有效降低產(chǎn)品成本。
 
　　施肥，利用率高
 
　　2015年，我國(guó)化肥農(nóng)藥用量世界，但化肥、農(nóng)藥的利用率比發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家低15%-20%，降低使用量、提高利用率勢(shì)在必行。2016年，我國(guó)著力打好農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染治理攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，深化推進(jìn)綠色防控技術(shù)應(yīng)用，農(nóng)藥使用量繼續(xù)零增長(zhǎng)，化肥使用量自改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)也接近零增長(zhǎng)。2017年農(nóng)業(yè)植保無(wú)人機(jī)的繁榮，更加帶動(dòng)一批農(nóng)業(yè)的*通過(guò)植保無(wú)人機(jī)的噴灑來(lái)提高農(nóng)藥利用率、降低農(nóng)藥使用量。
 
　　農(nóng)民大多是一家一戶分散防治病蟲(chóng)。農(nóng)藥用量不集中，不能合理充分被利用，且大多數(shù)農(nóng)民田間施藥未經(jīng)專(zhuān)門(mén)培訓(xùn)，不當(dāng)用藥、過(guò)量用藥現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，造成農(nóng)藥大量浪費(fèi)。同時(shí)，傳統(tǒng)小型的噴霧器，作業(yè)效率低；大霧滴、大容量的噴灑，農(nóng)藥利用效率低。因此，農(nóng)業(yè)施肥迫切需要使用先進(jìn)的藥械來(lái)提高農(nóng)藥利用率。
 
　　植保無(wú)人機(jī)易學(xué)易操作。操作人員一般經(jīng)過(guò)30天左右的訓(xùn)練即可掌握要領(lǐng)并執(zhí)行任務(wù)，并且只要站在地頭上通過(guò)遙控器操作，植保無(wú)人機(jī)便可在一小時(shí)內(nèi)完成上百畝的莊稼滅蟲(chóng)工作。
 
　　植保無(wú)人機(jī)采用低量噴霧技術(shù)。在噴灑作業(yè)的過(guò)程中，藥液經(jīng)過(guò)無(wú)人機(jī)霧化部件的作用而分散，形成細(xì)小的霧滴顆粒，覆蓋度高、滲透性好，可以使藥劑發(fā)揮出佳效果，并且充分發(fā)揮粒徑大小所帶來(lái)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，從而達(dá)到防治病蟲(chóng)草害的目的。
 
　　綠色環(huán)保，效率高
 
　　農(nóng)用植保無(wú)人機(jī)個(gè)頭小巧，其載重量可以達(dá)到5-20kg。一般10L藥箱的無(wú)人機(jī)，單次分型10分鐘，作業(yè)面積可達(dá)300畝左右，而人工施肥一畝田地大概要用30L配制好的農(nóng)藥。有數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，無(wú)人機(jī)噴灑效率是傳統(tǒng)人工的15-80倍，農(nóng)藥使用量、用水量分別比傳統(tǒng)人工至少節(jié)約50%和90%。
 
　　市場(chǎng)上的植保無(wú)人機(jī)有電動(dòng)和油動(dòng)兩種。電動(dòng)自不必說(shuō)，輕便、價(jià)低必屬綠色能源，但油動(dòng)卻認(rèn)為電機(jī)存在動(dòng)力不足、續(xù)航短等缺點(diǎn)。雖然雙方都一直難以接受彼此，而爭(zhēng)吵不休，但是跟傳統(tǒng)的大型農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械相比，其電耗油耗都算得上是綠色環(huán)保了。舉個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，田地里工作的播種機(jī)一啟動(dòng)就會(huì)有黑煙排出，然而播種的無(wú)人機(jī)如果工作的時(shí)候冒煙，那就不能工作了。
 
　　以上只是農(nóng)用植保無(wú)人機(jī)的部分優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是從這些優(yōu)點(diǎn)當(dāng)中已足以證明植保無(wú)人機(jī)行業(yè)前期可期，值得大力推廣使用。(本文由中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng)，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處，違者必究！)

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