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深度:看農(nóng)機市場常態(tài) 分析補貼政策利弊

2016-11-18 17:37:25 來源:中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量:18807 評論

導讀:近日,寧波邊防支隊高塘邊防派出所偵破了一起利用貼牌銷售方式騙取國家巨額補貼的特大農(nóng)機詐騙案,涉案金額達800多萬元,抓獲嫌疑人6名。這一出“貍貓換太子”的大戲引起了社會極大的關(guān)注。自家的農(nóng)機卻要貼上別人的牌子賣,這不僅僅是農(nóng)機補貼實施的漏洞,同時也折射出我國農(nóng)機市場對補貼政策的依賴性非常大,關(guān)于這一現(xiàn)象的利弊分析,還值得我們?nèi)ド钏肌?/p>

  【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】近日,寧波邊防支隊高塘邊防派出所偵破了一起利用貼牌銷售方式騙取國家巨額補貼的特大農(nóng)機詐騙案,涉案金額達800多萬元,抓獲嫌疑人6名。這一出“貍貓換太子”的大戲引起了社會極大的關(guān)注。自家的農(nóng)機卻要貼上別人的牌子賣,這不僅僅是農(nóng)機補貼實施的漏洞,同時也折射出我國農(nóng)機市場對補貼政策的依賴性非常大,關(guān)于這一現(xiàn)象的利弊分析,還值得我們?nèi)ド钏肌?/div>
 
  
  農(nóng)機補貼推動農(nóng)業(yè)機械普及
  
  自2004年11月11日《中華人民共和國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化促進法》規(guī)定給予農(nóng)機購置補貼以來,我國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化迎來跨越式發(fā)展的“黃金十年”,每年中央財政都投入大量資金,再加上地方補貼,極大地提高了農(nóng)民的購機熱情,推動了農(nóng)業(yè)機械的普及。
  
  據(jù)統(tǒng)計,2004—2014年中央財政共安排農(nóng)機購置補貼資金1200億元,補貼購置各類農(nóng)機具超過3500萬臺(套)。全國農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機械化水平由2003年的33%提高到2014年的61%,推動了全國農(nóng)機總動力快速增長,耕種收綜合機械化水平持續(xù)提高,為保障我國糧食安全和農(nóng)民增收,鞏固農(nóng)業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟中的基礎地位發(fā)揮了重要作用。但近兩年來,農(nóng)機行業(yè)各種弊端開始凸顯,農(nóng)機市場開始疲軟。
  
  農(nóng)機市場對農(nóng)機補貼政策依賴性大
  
  農(nóng)機購置補貼政策一方面推動了我國農(nóng)機化發(fā)展,但另一方面也促使農(nóng)機市場過多依賴補貼政策。就像不久前寧波警方破獲的特大農(nóng)機詐騙案,為了謀取補貼,寧愿貼上別人的牌子賣自家產(chǎn)品,只因自家農(nóng)機不在補貼目錄上,沒法享受“特殊”待遇。
  
  此外,我國農(nóng)機市場上,補貼目錄的存在還帶來產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)選擇問題。農(nóng)機企業(yè)每年都會看補貼目錄,有些機器性能與品質(zhì)再好,若不在補貼目錄上,企業(yè)生產(chǎn)和銷售時就要考慮再三。從農(nóng)機詐騙案中可以看出,有的企業(yè)要賺的就是那些補貼款,而作為購買者,自然也更傾向于有補貼的產(chǎn)品。因此,這種跟著補貼走的行為往往導致一些企業(yè)在沒有補貼的情況下連成本都收不回來,在一定程度上有違市場規(guī)律。
  
  農(nóng)機購置補貼是我國在特定情況下所采取的一項惠農(nóng)扶持政策,它并不能一直都存在,當農(nóng)業(yè)機械化發(fā)展到一定成熟階段以后,補貼或許會逐漸減少,甚至沒有。到時候那些一直以來依賴補貼政策的企業(yè)又該何去何從呢?
  
  未來應弱化補貼效應 專注自身實力
  
  就目前來看,農(nóng)機補貼一直都在調(diào)整,今年更是開始突出重點產(chǎn)品,那些低端、過剩、低附加值的產(chǎn)品不再進行補貼。因此,企業(yè)不能像沒斷奶的孩子,渾渾噩噩靠著補貼過日子。農(nóng)機市場的競爭向來都是弱肉強食的,“物競天擇、適者生存”到哪里都適用,如果不增強自己的實力,就會出現(xiàn)沒學會吃飯就斷奶的情況。
  
  在剛剛過去的2016中國農(nóng)機展中,我們可以看到不少國產(chǎn)農(nóng)機正在實現(xiàn)自身蛻變,中國一拖、雷沃重工、時風等國內(nèi)企業(yè)向世界展示了企業(yè)實力與創(chuàng)新成果,增強了國名對國產(chǎn)農(nóng)機的信心。所以,未來,農(nóng)機企業(yè)應該擺脫補貼效應,優(yōu)化升級產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),專注自身實力的提升,生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品才是企業(yè)健康生存之道。
  
  結(jié)語:寧波警方破獲的特大農(nóng)機詐騙案驚醒了不少還在“沉睡”中的農(nóng)機企業(yè)。雖然農(nóng)機購置補貼政策還在實行,其相關(guān)調(diào)整也在繼續(xù),未來政策走向如何無定數(shù)。但作為企業(yè)只需明白:“打鐵還需自身硬”,在農(nóng)機市場愈演愈烈的競爭中,單靠補貼是無法長久發(fā)展的,企業(yè)若沒有拿得出手的實力,終究是會被淘汰的。
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