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具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Ξa(chǎn)品：這兩年我國補貼灌溉機械的品種與數(shù)量

2023-05-10 09:06:16 來源：總站信息處 作者： 劉振營 閱讀量：15159 評論

導讀：農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，國家已補貼灌溉機械7410臺。這兩年都補貼了哪些灌溉機械？哪些省區(qū)補貼數(shù)量多？

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 補貼動態(tài)】農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，國家已補貼灌溉機械7410臺。這兩年都補貼了哪些灌溉機械？哪些省區(qū)補貼數(shù)量多？
 
　　固定式噴灌設(shè)備
 
　　一、灌溉機械分類與目前補貼的品種
 
　　1、按新標準灌溉機械的分類
 
　　按照新的農(nóng)機分類標準，灌溉機械屬于農(nóng)業(yè)機械第14大類 灌溉機械，灌溉機械分為1401噴灌機械、1402微灌設(shè)備和1450其他灌溉機械3小類。噴灌機械小類分為140101噴灌機和140150其他噴灌機械兩個品目，微灌設(shè)備小類分為140201微噴灌設(shè)備、140202滴(滲)灌設(shè)備、140203灌溉首部、140204水肥一體化設(shè)備和140250其他微灌設(shè)備5個品目，其他灌溉機械小類分為145050其他灌溉機械1個品目。
 
　　提到灌溉機械，人們第一時間想到的是水泵，為什么灌溉機械中沒有水泵呢？原來，新的農(nóng)機分類標準在第1部分種植機械中，只列入了第14大類灌溉機械，而在第5部分農(nóng)用動力及其他通用機械中，列入了第53大類農(nóng)用水泵。
 
　　第53大類農(nóng)用水泵中，只有5301農(nóng)用水泵1個小類，分為530101潛水電泵、530102地面泵(機組)和530150其他農(nóng)用水泵3個品目。
 
　　2、按結(jié)構(gòu)和作業(yè)原理灌溉機械的分類
 
　　實際上，在日常生活和工作中，把灌溉機械按結(jié)構(gòu)和作業(yè)原理來分類。例如，對于噴灌機，可分為固定式噴灌設(shè)備和移動式噴灌設(shè)備。而移動式噴灌設(shè)備還可分為指針式噴灌機、平移式噴灌機和卷盤式噴灌機3種。
 
　　農(nóng)用水泵按工作原理可分為離心泵、軸流泵和混流泵，按使用位置可分為地面泵和潛水電泵。
 
　　3、目前補貼的灌溉機械品種
 
　　目前，國家對灌溉機械和農(nóng)用水泵均有省區(qū)進行補貼，其中灌溉機械主要補貼噴灌機以及少量微灌設(shè)備。農(nóng)用水泵的補貼既有潛水電泵和地面泵(機組)。
 
　　卷盤式噴灌機作業(yè)
 
　　二、2023年各省區(qū)補貼的灌溉機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，38個農(nóng)機核算省區(qū)，有13個公示了灌溉機械補貼數(shù)據(jù)，合計補貼各種灌溉機械7410臺，其中2023年銷售了2444臺，其余均為以前年度銷量。
 
　　1、2023年補貼灌溉機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　從2023年補貼的灌溉機械品種看，主要是噴灌機6994臺，占所有補貼灌溉機械的94.39%；另外補貼灌溉首部256臺，為廣西補貼；微灌機134臺和其他灌溉機械26臺，均為福建省補貼。
 
　　2、2023年灌溉機械省區(qū)分布
 
　　從灌溉機械補貼數(shù)量的省區(qū)分布看，山東省補貼了2526臺，占比34.09%；吉林省補貼了1369臺，占比18.48%；河南和安徽兩省都超過了800臺，內(nèi)蒙古和河北都超過了400臺。
 
2023年各省區(qū)補貼灌溉機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　三、2022年各省區(qū)灌溉機械補貼品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2022年有12省區(qū)公示補貼了灌溉機械數(shù)據(jù)，合計補貼各種灌溉機械7248臺，其中2022年銷售5433臺，其余為以前年度銷量。
 
　　1、2022年灌溉機械補貼品種與數(shù)量
 
　　2022年補貼的7248臺灌溉機械中，有噴灌機6705臺，占比92.51%。另補貼灌溉首部402臺，為廣西補貼；微灌機81臺和其他灌溉機械60臺，均為福建省補貼。
 
　　2、2022年灌溉機械省區(qū)分布
 
　　2022年，灌溉機械補貼數(shù)量最多的為河南省，達到3939臺，占比54.35%；山東和內(nèi)蒙古補貼數(shù)量均超過了800臺，河北和廣西都補貼了400多臺。
 
2022年各省區(qū)灌溉機械補貼品種與數(shù)量
 
　　四、這兩年農(nóng)用水泵補貼品種與數(shù)量
 
　　1、2023年已補貼農(nóng)用水泵2435臺
 
　　截至2023年5月3日，38個農(nóng)機補貼核算省區(qū)，有14年公示了農(nóng)用水泵補貼數(shù)據(jù)，合計補貼各種農(nóng)用水泵2435臺，其中潛水電泵1565臺，占比64.27%；地面泵(機組)870臺，占比35.73%。
 
　　從省區(qū)分布看，補貼農(nóng)用水泵最多的是湖南省，達到1700臺，占總量的69.82%。另外，廣東補貼了336臺，四川141臺。
 
2023年各省區(qū)補貼農(nóng)用水泵的品種與數(shù)量
 
　　2、2022年各省區(qū)補貼農(nóng)用水泵的品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2022年有15省區(qū)有公示補貼農(nóng)用水泵數(shù)據(jù)，合計補貼各種農(nóng)用水泵17291臺，其中潛水電泵9733臺，占比56.29%；地面泵(機組)7555臺，占比43.69%。
 
　　從省區(qū)分布看，湖南省補貼農(nóng)用水泵高達13555臺，占總量的78.39%；其次為福建省，補貼了1962臺，廣西和廣東都超過了500臺。
 
2022年各省區(qū)補貼農(nóng)用水泵品種與數(shù)量
 
　　平移式噴灌機
 
　　五、灌溉機械是具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ霓r(nóng)機產(chǎn)品之一
 
　　要端牢中國人自己的飯碗，做到糧食從數(shù)量和質(zhì)量上都安全，就要保障農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)能夠旱澇保收，而旱澇保收的主要機械就是灌溉機械和農(nóng)用水泵。
 
　　國家每年都在實施高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)，其中灌排工程建設(shè)是高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)的主要工作之一。通過灌排工程，做到高標準農(nóng)田合理利用水資源，形成“旱能灌，澇能排”的灌排體系，同時采用噴灌、微灌和滴灌等節(jié)水灌溉措施，充分利用水資源，增加有效灌溉面積，確保建成的高標準農(nóng)田能夠穩(wěn)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)。
 
　　然而，從目前補貼的灌溉機械來看，噴霧機主要為卷盤式，產(chǎn)品比較單一。對于大面積經(jīng)營的農(nóng)田來說，指針式和平移式大型噴灌機，或者埋設(shè)固定式噴灌、微灌或滴灌設(shè)施，可能更適合，而且能夠節(jié)約大量人力和投資成本。
 
　　從目前補貼的農(nóng)用水泵來看，多為600-900元的小型潛水電泵和小型汽油機水泵。雖然這些小型水泵適合小農(nóng)戶使用，但對于大面積經(jīng)營的農(nóng)田灌排來說，顯然遠遠不夠。
 
　　為了農(nóng)業(yè)旱澇保收，請注重灌溉機械和農(nóng)用水泵這些農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)的發(fā)展。

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