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農機裝備賦能酒泉特色種植業(yè)高質量發(fā)展

2023-04-11 09:42:27 來源：甘肅省酒泉市農機服務中心 閱讀量：14182 評論

導讀：據(jù)金塔縣農業(yè)農村局統(tǒng)計，今年金塔縣孜然種植面積在10萬畝以上，全部實現(xiàn)了機械化精少量播種。

　　【農機網(wǎng) 地方農機】一年春作首，百業(yè)農為先。清明過后，隨著氣溫逐漸止跌回升，杏花朵朵開，沿河望楊柳，甘肅省酒泉市進入農業(yè)特色產業(yè)作物播種栽培期，到處呈現(xiàn)一片“種瓜種豆”、鐵牛遍地走的繁忙景象。
 
　　在瓜州縣瓜州鎮(zhèn)瓜州村，一臺臺蜜瓜開溝起壟鋪管鋪膜機筆直地行走在經(jīng)“平地框”整理后的農田里，頃刻間完成了開溝、起壟、施肥、鋪管、鋪膜等工序，放眼望去，廣袤的田野霎時間變成了一幅“布谷飛飛勸早耕，春鋤撲撲趁初晴”的春耕圖。
 
　　在肅州區(qū)三墩、總寨、上壩、下河清等鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，農業(yè)農村綜合服務中心工作人員入社、入村、入組，指導農戶開展秧苗移栽機檢修、調試、保養(yǎng)工作，確保其“健康”上崗，全力以赴投入已經(jīng)開始的辣椒、甜葉菊機械移栽作業(yè)。
 
　　在玉門市下西號鎮(zhèn)西紅號村，鵬誠農機專業(yè)合作社社員駕駛拖拉機懸掛多功能作物精量播種機為“金豐農場”開展茴香機械化播種作業(yè)。“由于采用機械式小籽粒精量播種機開展茴香播種作業(yè)，清明過后到現(xiàn)在僅用3天時間就播了150多畝，如果天氣正常，預計再用7～8天時間就能完成整個農場500畝的茴香精量播種作業(yè)”。合作社理事長李鵬說。“這兩年茴香市場收購價格好，秋季收獲后畝產平均能達到200公斤以上，每公斤能賣13～14元，效益比較好，使用農機裝備開展生產經(jīng)營，我們這邊的茴香種植面積逐年在擴大”。
 
　　據(jù)金塔縣農業(yè)農村局統(tǒng)計，今年全縣孜然種植面積在10萬畝以上，全部實現(xiàn)了機械化精少量播種，由于種植從播種、植保到收獲全都采用機器生產，極大地減輕了農民勞動強度，提高了生產效率。
 
　　育苗移栽是農作物生產過程中一個重要的技術環(huán)節(jié)，具有對氣候的補償作用和使作物生育提前的綜合效益，育苗機械移栽生產是減輕勞動強度、提高勞動生產效率和保證作業(yè)質量的關鍵。由于酒泉市春季播種季節(jié)氣候變化跌宕起伏，“倒春寒”現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生，加之干旱嚴重，發(fā)生自然災害的頻次比較高，因此，改變傳統(tǒng)的作物播種方式，發(fā)展旱地育苗機械移栽能充分利用光熱資源，有效避開低溫、霜凍、蟲害等不良條件的影響，提前作物生育期，縮短作物生長周期，保證作物穩(wěn)產增產和提高品質。酒泉市發(fā)展秧苗移栽機械化全省領先，自早些年從山東寧津機械制造有限公司引進首臺田耐爾自動穴盤秧苗移栽機至今，目前全市擁有旱地秧苗移栽機150臺以上，累計完成甜葉菊、番茄、辣椒、洋蔥、茄子、蜜瓜等瓜菜、經(jīng)濟作物秧苗機械化移栽作業(yè)面積近30萬畝。
 
　　2023年，酒泉市福源農機有限公司從山東引進適用于西蘭花、包菜、甘藍、洋蔥、甜菜等各種蔬菜，中藥材及經(jīng)濟作物移栽作業(yè)的新款秧苗(苗木)移栽機在肅州、金塔開展作業(yè)效果良好。該機工作時，應用雙曲軸旋轉工作原理，通過曲軸的轉動帶動鴨嘴運動，鴨嘴與拖拉機的前進行駛運動相復合，實現(xiàn)了鴨嘴的垂直起落，保證了秧苗的垂直移栽。更換移植傳動機構鏈輪，株距可調，秧苗投放采用橫向長投苗裝置，保證有足夠時間投放秧苗，提高了移栽效率。該機的引進，進一步豐富了全市旱地秧苗移栽機的種類，為農民群眾、農業(yè)生產組織提供了更多的選擇機型。春節(jié)過后止目前，該公司在全市銷售推廣新款秧苗移栽機30余臺。
 
　　農業(yè)機械化和農機裝備是轉變農業(yè)發(fā)展方向、提高農業(yè)生產力的重要基礎，是農業(yè)種植結構調整的基本條件之一。近年來，酒泉市農機服務中心圍繞市委、市政府確立的六大產業(yè)及發(fā)展方向，跟進農業(yè)特色種植產業(yè)發(fā)展步伐，以落實農機補貼政策為抓手，遵循“市場+技術”服務路徑，堅持引進與研發(fā)并重，著力解決特色產業(yè)發(fā)展中最直接、最現(xiàn)實、最具體的問題。
 
　　著力提升特色產業(yè)農機裝備“耕、種、管、收”全程作業(yè)質量與作業(yè)效率，加快特色產業(yè)種植栽培“機器換人”步伐，降低特色產業(yè)種植生產勞動力成本，提高經(jīng)濟效益，先后鼓勵、支持、引導酒泉鑄隴、肅州林德、金塔金農、敦煌祥農、天啟元農機銷售、四海康盛等農機企業(yè)研發(fā)、引進了小籽粒電動穴播機、食葵甜菜精量播種機、作物多功能氣吸式播種機、瓜類施肥機、加厚施肥開溝機、甜葉菊割曬機、辣椒椒稈分離機、小型辣椒收割機等一大批特色農業(yè)新機具，推廣了精少量播種、機械化移栽、有機質穴盤育苗、機械化收獲等農機化新技術，推動農業(yè)特色種植產業(yè)高質量發(fā)展，為實現(xiàn)農業(yè)農村現(xiàn)代化貢獻了力量。

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