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通河縣：機械化力量堅實，可保障120萬畝秸稈還田需求

2022-11-24 16:26:47 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：27509 評論

導讀：近年來，黑龍江省哈爾濱市通河縣按照省政府總體要求，以秸稈禁燒為契機，堅持“一主兩輔”方向，不斷擴大秸稈還田規(guī)模。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】水稻秸稈是最安全、最清潔、成本最低的生態(tài)肥料，是農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展不可代替的生態(tài)戰(zhàn)略資源。近年來，黑龍江省哈爾濱市通河縣按照省政府總體要求，以秸稈禁燒為契機，堅持“一主兩輔”方向，推進秸稈還田利用和黑土地保護工作緊密結(jié)合，不斷擴大秸稈還田規(guī)模，大力提高耕地有機質(zhì)含量。
 
 
      近年來，通河縣水稻秸稈腐熟還田技術(shù)體系逐漸成熟，主要體現(xiàn)在以下四個方面：
 
　　秸稈還田技術(shù)成熟：通河縣的秋季水稻秸稈腐熟全量還田(碎粉+腐熟+淺旋)技術(shù)模式，已獲批2021年黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)主推技術(shù)，見“2021年黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)主推技術(shù)”之《水稻秸稈還田人造基質(zhì)缽育機械有序拋秧技術(shù)》。開展水稻機械收獲同步秸稈粉碎拋撒、秋季機械噴施“春谷潤”秸稈腐熟劑、秋季機械淺旋整地秸稈全量還田工作，已形成可復制、可推廣的成熟技術(shù)模式。
 
　　農(nóng)民秸稈還田的積極性高：自2018以來，通河縣應用水稻機械收獲同步秸稈粉碎拋撒、秋季機械噴施“春谷潤”秸稈腐熟劑、秋季機械淺旋整地模式開展水稻秸稈全量還田，4年累計應用面積210余萬畝。根據(jù)實際跟蹤測試結(jié)果，秸稈噴施“春谷潤”腐熟劑后機械淺旋全量還田，可有效改善土壤結(jié)構(gòu)，增加土壤有機質(zhì)含量，在減少化肥施用量10%的前提下，仍然可以達到穩(wěn)產(chǎn)豐產(chǎn)效果。
 
　　秸稈腐熟還田專業(yè)組織發(fā)展迅速：全縣秸稈綜合利用合作社20家、從事秸稈腐熟劑噴施作業(yè)的合作社就有10家。全縣擁有噴施腐熟劑專用機械設備300臺余(套)，能夠承擔全縣水稻秸稈腐熟還田利用工作任務。
 
　　秸稈腐熟還田相關(guān)機械力量雄厚：通河縣有大型農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社17家，水稻收獲機裝配秸稈粉碎拋撒裝置保有量991臺(套)，拖拉機裝配旋耕機保有量22000臺(套)，拖拉機裝配原位埋茬攪漿機保有量1200臺(套),通河縣農(nóng)作物秸稈還田機械可以保障120萬畝秸稈機械化還田需求。
 
　　據(jù)了解，通河縣2019年秋季-2020年春季水稻秸稈腐熟還田面積80萬畝；2020年秋季-2021年春季水稻秸稈腐熟還田82萬畝；連續(xù)兩年水稻秸稈腐熟還田率超過50%。2021年秋-2022年春季預計完成腐熟還田104萬畝，腐熟還田率可達到65%以上。
 
　　另悉，通河縣按照省、市補貼政策文件要求對水稻根茬處理補貼10元/畝、水稻秸稈腐熟還田補貼20元/畝、對水田旋耕作業(yè)補貼25元/畝。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、秸稈專班、科技農(nóng)業(yè)專班。

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