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黑龍江省出臺“十四五”特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物發(fā)展規(guī)劃

2022-01-07 16:32:05 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:34751 評論

導(dǎo)讀:2020年,特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物總面積達(dá)到1000萬畝。蔬菜461萬畝,其中設(shè)施蔬菜播種面積145萬畝。食用菌栽培規(guī)模63億袋,總產(chǎn)量(鮮品)362萬噸

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物由于經(jīng)濟(jì)價值高,對于促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收和鄉(xiāng)村振興有著重要意義。為進(jìn)一步深化農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革和實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略,推進(jìn)黑龍江省經(jīng)濟(jì)作物科學(xué)布局和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn),促進(jìn)特色產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收,推動全省特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物產(chǎn)業(yè)大發(fā)展、快發(fā)展,近日,黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳印發(fā)了《黑龍江省“十四五”特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物發(fā)展規(guī)劃》(以下簡稱《規(guī)劃》)。
 
  當(dāng)前,黑龍江省調(diào)優(yōu)農(nóng)作物品種結(jié)構(gòu)、品質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),大力發(fā)展以蔬菜、鮮食玉米、食用菌、果樹、漢麻(工業(yè)用大麻,以下簡稱漢麻)等為代表的特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物產(chǎn)業(yè),綜合生產(chǎn)能力和競爭力實現(xiàn)快速提升,成效顯著。2020年,特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物總面積達(dá)到1000萬畝。蔬菜461萬畝,其中設(shè)施蔬菜播種面積145萬畝。食用菌栽培規(guī)模63億袋,總產(chǎn)量(鮮品)362萬噸,其中黑木耳栽培規(guī)模和產(chǎn)量居全國首位。鮮食玉米面積201萬畝,產(chǎn)量170萬噸。果樹面積85.6萬畝,產(chǎn)量79萬噸。漢麻種植面積26.85萬畝,其中花葉用3.3萬畝,纖維用23.55萬畝。西甜瓜95萬畝,甜菜、花生、向日葵、籽用南瓜、烤煙、花卉等68萬畝。
 

 

  同時,黑龍江省良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境、寶貴的黑土資源、獨特的氣候條件,為綠色、優(yōu)質(zhì)特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。《規(guī)劃》提出,到2025年,全省特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物總面積1200萬畝以上。其中:大宗蔬菜面積600萬畝、產(chǎn)量1500萬噸;西甜瓜面積100萬畝、產(chǎn)量290萬噸;鮮食玉米面積230萬畝、產(chǎn)量200萬噸。年外銷果蔬增加到450萬噸以上,新增儲能120萬噸以上。年加工總量達(dá)到300萬噸以上,30%以上深加工,出口鮮食、速凍蔬菜20萬噸以上。設(shè)施蔬菜總播種面積達(dá)到150萬畝,自給率提高3個百分點。食用菌栽培規(guī)模75億袋,總產(chǎn)量(鮮品)400萬噸,總產(chǎn)值300億元,良種良法覆蓋率90%以上,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)率70%以上。果樹面積發(fā)展到120萬畝,產(chǎn)量110萬噸,年產(chǎn)值80億元。其中小漿果開發(fā)面積達(dá)到60萬畝,年產(chǎn)值超過40億元;小漿果加工率達(dá)到80%以上,年創(chuàng)加工產(chǎn)值100億元以上。漢麻種植面積達(dá)到100萬畝,其中纖維用發(fā)展到70萬畝;花葉用發(fā)展到20萬畝;種子繁育達(dá)到10萬畝,產(chǎn)值達(dá)到100億元以上。
 
  《規(guī)劃》明確了五項主要任務(wù):加大城郊棚室蔬菜建設(shè)、加強(qiáng)蔬菜外銷基地建設(shè)、加快食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)集群建設(shè)、推進(jìn)南果北種和小漿果產(chǎn)業(yè)群建設(shè)、大力發(fā)展?jié)h麻產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè),提出了蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)“三新”建設(shè)工程、食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)集群建設(shè)工程、特色漿果產(chǎn)業(yè)提質(zhì)增效建設(shè)工程、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提升工程等四項重點建設(shè)工程。
 
  其中,對于蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)“三新”建設(shè)工程,《規(guī)劃》提出,調(diào)優(yōu)蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提升蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)綜合水平,在全省范圍內(nèi)實施蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)“三新”工程,即推動品種更新、設(shè)施結(jié)構(gòu)革新、技術(shù)裝備創(chuàng)新。重點發(fā)展南銷及出口耐儲運專用型果菜品種、高品質(zhì)鮮食型蔬菜品種、高附加值加工型品種、功能保健型品種等。在設(shè)施結(jié)構(gòu)更新上,因地制宜發(fā)展一批高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、高質(zhì)量、低能耗的溫室設(shè)施,推動農(nóng)民依地建棚、依棚增收、依質(zhì)增效。在技術(shù)裝備創(chuàng)新上分區(qū)域、分作物制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、設(shè)施化、機(jī)械化、省力化的蔬菜栽培、植保、土肥、加工等生產(chǎn)技術(shù)模式。到2025年,累計引進(jìn)新優(yōu)品種60個以上,篩選出適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、品質(zhì)好、市場認(rèn)可度高的具有推廣價值的優(yōu)質(zhì)品種20個以上。全省建設(shè)完善30個番茄、辣椒、茄子、黃瓜等果菜類、10個油豆角、毛豆等豆類蔬菜、20個西甜瓜和40個鮮食玉米等專品類生產(chǎn)基地;新建先進(jìn)優(yōu)質(zhì)蔬菜生產(chǎn)設(shè)施5萬畝,溫室比例不低于20%,百棟棚室規(guī)模小區(qū)100個以上,50畝以上集中連片高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溫室小區(qū)30個以上。在哈爾濱、齊齊哈爾、牡丹江、佳木斯、大慶、綏化等大中城市“1小時”經(jīng)濟(jì)圈內(nèi),整村推進(jìn)棚室建設(shè),依托優(yōu)質(zhì)新型經(jīng)營主體,整村新建溫室20棟以上或棚室50棟以上,打造棚室建設(shè)示范村20個以上。建設(shè)年產(chǎn)出種苗2000萬株以上的蔬菜集約化育苗中心5個。重點做好大型果蔬基地的田間冷鏈建設(shè),在千畝以上露地和百畝以上設(shè)施基地,配套發(fā)展建設(shè)預(yù)冷庫、儲藏窖、保鮮庫、冷凍冷藏庫等各類冷儲設(shè)施300萬平方米以上。
 
  本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:黑龍江省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。
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