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設施蔬菜產量占比由21%提高到35%！云南省大力發(fā)展現代化設施農業(yè)

2024-03-25 08:36:53 來源：農機網整理 閱讀量：22657 評論

導讀：《云南省設施農業(yè)現代化三年行動方案(2023—2025年)》明確提出到2025年，設施蔬菜產量占比由21%提高到35%；設施花卉產量占比由11%提升至25%；設施小漿果產量占比由35%提高到50%；畜牧養(yǎng)殖規(guī)?；视?1%提高到50%。

　　【農機網 地方農機】 現代設施農業(yè)是利用現代信息技術、生物技術、工程裝備技術與現代經營管理方式,為動植物生長提供相對可控制的環(huán)境條件,在一定程度上擺脫自然依賴進行高效生產的農業(yè)類型,涵蓋設施種植、設施畜牧、設施漁業(yè)和提供支撐服務的公共設施等。其中,設施種植業(yè)包括日光溫室、連棟溫室和植物工廠以及不改變耕地地類的拱棚、塑料大棚等,設施畜牧業(yè)包括集約化工廠化設施畜禽養(yǎng)殖場等,設施漁業(yè)包括標準化池塘、工廠化循環(huán)水和深遠海養(yǎng)殖漁場、沿海漁港等,公共服務設施包括產前的集約化育苗、產后的冷藏保鮮、冷鏈物流和倉儲烘干等。
 
　　2023年6月，農業(yè)農村部、財政部、國家發(fā)展改革委、自然資源部聯合印發(fā)的《全國現代設施農業(yè)建設規(guī)劃(2023—2030年)》明確提出，到2030年,全國現代設施農業(yè)規(guī)模進一步擴大,區(qū)域布局更加合理,科技裝備條件顯著改善,穩(wěn)產保供能力進一步提升,設施農業(yè)勞動生產率、土地產出率和資源利用率明顯提高,發(fā)展質量效益和競爭力不斷增強,從事設施農業(yè)生產的農民收入大幅增長。
 
　　在此基礎上，云南省農業(yè)農村廳等四部門日前印發(fā)《云南省設施農業(yè)現代化三年行動方案(2023—2025年)》，對云南省設施農業(yè)現代化發(fā)展進行了部署。
 
　　《行動方案》明確提出，到2025年，全省現代設施農業(yè)規(guī)模進一步擴大，區(qū)域布局更加合理，設施農業(yè)勞動生產率、土地產出率和資源利用率大幅提高，發(fā)展質量效益和競爭力不斷增強，從事設施農業(yè)生產的農民收入持續(xù)增長。設施蔬菜產量占比由21%提高到35%；設施花卉產量占比由11%提升至25%；設施小漿果產量占比由35%提高到50%；畜牧養(yǎng)殖規(guī)?；视?1%提高到50%；設施水產品產量占比由7.4%提高到20%。設施農業(yè)綠色發(fā)展全面推進，設施農產品質量安全抽檢合格率穩(wěn)定在98%以上；科技裝備條件顯著改善，設施農業(yè)科技進步貢獻率達到62%以上。
 
　　到2030年，設施農業(yè)全面升級，糧食、蔬菜等重要農產品保障更加有力，生產效率、產出質量和帶農增收作用明顯提升，基本滿足人民群眾多樣化、優(yōu)質化食物消費需求。
 
　　《行動方案》提出了發(fā)展綠色高效現代設施種植業(yè)、高效集約現代化設施畜牧業(yè)、生態(tài)健康現代設施漁業(yè)、以倉儲保鮮和烘干為主的現代物流業(yè)設施等重點任務。
 
　　其中，對于果蔬種植業(yè)，《行動方案》明確提出建設現代設施育苗(秧)中心，在全省水稻種植相對集中的縣(市、區(qū))全面推進集中育秧設施建設，建設育秧溫室大棚、播種出苗車間和育秧設施設備。合理布局建設集約化育苗(秧)中心，擴大水稻良種秧苗、設施果蔬優(yōu)質種苗商品化供給覆蓋面。鼓勵“一棚多用、農棚農用”，提高大棚使用率，增加農民收入。
 
　　同時，支持露地種植作物水肥一體化噴滴灌設施建設，以玉米、馬鈴薯和茶葉、水果、咖啡等特色經作為重點，每年實施20萬畝左右露地種植作物水肥一體化噴滴灌設施建設，重點建設引水設施、裝配式蓄水池、過濾設施、配肥設施、田間管網和田間水肥一體化滴灌裝備等。
 
　　此外，支持標準化大棚和水肥一體化噴滴灌設施建設。選準特色產業(yè)，以蔬菜、花卉、小漿果等為重點，新建和提升改造一批全年生產、立體種植、智能調控的連棟溫室和植物工廠等高端生產設施，形成一批布局合理、高產高效的現代設施農業(yè)標準化園區(qū)。推廣無土化栽培，建設基質栽培系統、營養(yǎng)液循環(huán)系統，采用可降解材料代替土壤，使用多通道精準型配肥設備，推廣水培或霧(氣)培等多種無土栽培模式。推行智能化管理，加快智慧溫室生產管控系統和智能裝備的推廣力度，實現精準化自動調控。每年推進5000畝蔬菜、3000畝花卉、2000畝小漿果的高標準設施化建設，提升單位土地產出率和商品轉化率，示范帶動各地加快設施改造升級。
 
　　注：本文由農機網(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：云南省農業(yè)農村廳。

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