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大連雨林：助力打造農(nóng)業(yè)與養(yǎng)殖業(yè)有機循環(huán)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈

———專訪：大連雨林灌溉設(shè)備有限公司總經(jīng)理綦玉波
2019-11-06 16:32:41 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：lulu 閱讀量：48806 評論

導(dǎo)讀：　在2019農(nóng)機展召開期間，農(nóng)機網(wǎng)現(xiàn)場采訪了大連雨林灌溉設(shè)備有限公司(簡稱：大連雨林)總經(jīng)理綦玉波，讓我們對于如何做到農(nóng)業(yè)和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的有機循環(huán)有了更接地氣的了解。

　　機械撒施有機肥，改善土壤保肥能力
 
　　秸稈有機肥還田，恢復(fù)土壤生物活力
 
　　糞污資源化利用，提升土壤有機質(zhì)
 
　　近年來，隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)業(yè)的發(fā)展和有機肥料來源的局限性，化肥的用量呈大幅度增長趨勢。但化肥若使用過多，對生態(tài)環(huán)境會帶來許多負效應(yīng)，如：長期使用氮肥，還會使土壤中碳氮比失調(diào)，致使向腐殖質(zhì)中尋求碳源和其他營養(yǎng)，使其分解從而造成土壤板結(jié)，理化性質(zhì)變劣。硫酸銨、氯化銨等生理酸性肥料使用過多，易改變土壤的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。而土壤一旦遭到破壞，會直接對農(nóng)作物品質(zhì)造成影響，從而嚴重危害人體健康。
 
　　在2019農(nóng)機展召開期間，農(nóng)機網(wǎng)現(xiàn)場采訪了大連雨林灌溉設(shè)備有限公司(簡稱：大連雨林)總經(jīng)理綦玉波，讓我們對于如何做到農(nóng)業(yè)和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的有機循環(huán)有了更接地氣的了解。

左為：大連雨林總經(jīng)理綦玉波

 
　　如何實現(xiàn)固、液有機肥的循環(huán)利用？
 
　　“我國近幾十年來化肥的使用量過大，長期使用化肥，造成了土壤有機質(zhì)降低，使農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)下降，如何解決這個問題，其實方法就是增加有機肥的使用量，以此來提高土壤有機質(zhì)的含量。” 綦總說。
 

撒肥車
 

 施肥罐車
 
 
　　據(jù)了解，有機肥一般來源于養(yǎng)殖業(yè)產(chǎn)生的糞污、廢氣物等，把這些有機廢物進行有機還田，可大大提升土壤的有機質(zhì)含量。若能持續(xù)進行有機肥還田，相信幾年后，我國的土壤問題會大大得到改善，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)將會得到很大提升。
 
　　大連雨林主要產(chǎn)品為大型噴灌設(shè)備，如：中心支軸式噴灌機、平移式噴灌機等，主要用于牧畜草地、青貯玉米地、飼草地的建設(shè)，灌溉效率高，節(jié)省人工。而他們主營的這種設(shè)備又有有機肥有何關(guān)聯(lián)？對于記者提出的疑問，綦總給出了詳細的回答。
 
　　據(jù)他介紹得知，目前大部分飼草地的飼料通常是提供給了大型的養(yǎng)殖場，而這些大型養(yǎng)殖場里養(yǎng)殖的豬、牛、羊等的糞便排泄物并沒有被很好的處理和利用。綦總提到，在歐洲，這些養(yǎng)殖廠廢棄物被作為有機肥重新利用到田地里，形成了有機肥、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)、農(nóng)田有機肥的有機循環(huán)。
 
　　由此，大連雨林開發(fā)了有機肥還田設(shè)備，主要分為兩大系列：液體有機肥的施肥還田和固體有機肥拋灑還田這兩種有機肥的設(shè)備。固體有機肥主要是將固體的糞污進行固體發(fā)酵之后用拋灑車輛進行有機肥還田；養(yǎng)殖場里的牛、羊的液態(tài)尿糞，在利用它進行沼氣發(fā)電之后形成的沼液就是很好的液體有機肥，大連雨林研發(fā)的一款適用于液體有機肥的施肥罐車，把這種液體有機肥吸到罐車里，后拉到農(nóng)田里進行還田，借助這兩種設(shè)備達到有機肥還田的目的。
 
　　據(jù)綦總介紹，有機肥的還田設(shè)備大連雨林有多個系列，如何選擇主要根據(jù)用戶農(nóng)田土地規(guī)模來決定，土地規(guī)模小的農(nóng)田可用小型有機肥還田設(shè)備，機型小巧靈活，方便小型農(nóng)戶使用；土地面積大的農(nóng)田可用大型有機肥還田設(shè)備，供大型農(nóng)戶使用。
 
　　有機肥行業(yè)前景如何？
 
　　說到有機肥行業(yè)前景，綦總認為，目前行業(yè)剛剛起步尚不成熟，相信隨著后期行業(yè)對于有機肥的意識不斷加強，在未來幾年會有非常好的發(fā)展態(tài)勢。
 
　　有機肥循環(huán)使用的理想效果即：養(yǎng)殖場產(chǎn)生的大量畜禽糞便用來生產(chǎn)綠色有機肥，有機肥還田來種植有機農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物和農(nóng)業(yè)果實再喂養(yǎng)各種畜禽，形成一個天然自然的綠色生態(tài)生物鏈，保持生態(tài)平衡。近年來，國家對于有機肥項目也出臺了相關(guān)補貼政策。
 
　　據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部發(fā)布消息，2017年以來，每年安排資金開展畜禽糞污資源化利用試點、推進果菜茶有機肥替代化肥試點，積極探索有機養(yǎng)分資源利用的有效模式。二是加大補貼力度。結(jié)合實施測土配方施肥、耕地保護與質(zhì)量提升、東北黑土地保護利用試點等項目，采用物化補貼的方式，鼓勵和引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民增施有機肥、秸稈還田、種植綠肥。北京、江蘇、上海、浙江等省市相繼出臺了農(nóng)民施用商品有機肥補貼政策，補貼金額每噸150—480元。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將繼續(xù)加大工作力度，推動有機肥應(yīng)用。
 
　　在國家加大政策扶持的同時，近年來也陸續(xù)開展了多場次有關(guān)有機肥推廣的培訓(xùn)與宣傳活動。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，2018年全國開展有機肥替代化肥技術(shù)培訓(xùn)5萬余場次，組織現(xiàn)場觀摩1萬余場次，組織宣傳活動2萬多次，營造了政府引導(dǎo)、全民參與的良好氛圍，有力推進了有機肥替代化肥工作進展。
 
　　結(jié)語：可見，有機肥行業(yè)有著可觀的發(fā)展前景，大連雨林開發(fā)的有機肥還田設(shè)備無疑是在為我國農(nóng)業(yè)循環(huán)發(fā)展在作有力貢獻，當(dāng)下，在農(nóng)田土壤遭受破壞之時，正是需要為發(fā)展綠色農(nóng)業(yè)獻力的農(nóng)機企業(yè)，共同守護農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的這一方土地。

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