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加快淘汰高毒農(nóng)藥,推進農(nóng)藥使用“零增長”

2018-08-15 18:08:16 來源:中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:28523 評論

導(dǎo)讀:近日,據(jù)中國農(nóng)藥發(fā)展與應(yīng)用協(xié)會三屆二次常務(wù)理事會會議透露,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將按照“循序漸進、分步實施、多措并舉”的原則,力爭5年內(nèi)淘汰高毒農(nóng)藥,并將對登記超過15年的老舊農(nóng)藥開展再評價,同時繼續(xù)推進小宗作物用藥登記和農(nóng)藥殘留限量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系建設(shè)。

  【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 近日,據(jù)中國農(nóng)藥發(fā)展與應(yīng)用協(xié)會三屆二次常務(wù)理事會會議透露,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將按照“循序漸進、分步實施、多措并舉”的原則,力爭5年內(nèi)淘汰高毒農(nóng)藥,并將對登記超過15年的老舊農(nóng)藥開展再評價,同時繼續(xù)推進小宗作物用藥登記和農(nóng)藥殘留限量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系建設(shè)。
 
  據(jù)介紹,近年來,特別是新修訂的《農(nóng)藥管理條例》實施后,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部強化農(nóng)藥登記的引導(dǎo)作用,提高登記門檻、鼓勵創(chuàng)新,推進生物農(nóng)藥登記和特色小宗作物用藥登記,新登記產(chǎn)品中環(huán)境友好型農(nóng)藥比例不斷增大,鐵皮石斛、人參、冬棗、枸杞、荔枝、楊梅等特色小宗作物用藥登記增加。
 
  當(dāng)前,在全國農(nóng)藥“零增長”的既定目標(biāo)下,各地農(nóng)藥減量增效成績顯著。
 
  湖南:低毒生物農(nóng)藥讓農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)優(yōu)價更高
 
  湖南省益陽市赫山區(qū)銀橋有機蔬菜農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社作為農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部低毒農(nóng)藥補貼示范推廣項目示范基地,近兩年取得了良好的生態(tài)效益和經(jīng)濟效益。
 
  近年來,湖南先后挑選了7個縣市區(qū)承擔(dān)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部低毒生物農(nóng)藥補貼示范推廣項目,同時,受這一項目的啟發(fā),湖南從2015年起,運用省級財政補貼專項,先后在20多個縣市區(qū)開展低毒生物農(nóng)藥補貼示范推廣工作。
 
  自項目實施以來,湖南省項目區(qū)農(nóng)民科學(xué)安全用藥意識明顯增強,項目區(qū)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格逐漸提高。項目區(qū)在栽培過程中減少了化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的使用,新的防治技術(shù)促進了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)的提升,有利于開發(fā)有機食品、綠色食品和無公害農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,為項目區(qū)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格增長創(chuàng)造了有利條件。
 
  據(jù)相關(guān)調(diào)查顯示,農(nóng)民施用低毒生物農(nóng)藥后,盡管農(nóng)藥成本每畝增加了50元左右,但是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)大大提升,市場美譽度增強,有的項目區(qū)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品比非項目區(qū)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格高出幾倍甚至十幾倍。
 
  江蘇句容:葡萄全程綠色防控
 
  盛夏時節(jié),在江蘇省句容市白兔鎮(zhèn)張峰良品家庭農(nóng)場葡萄園里,果農(nóng)張奎峰指著葡萄串上的蜘蛛網(wǎng),不無自豪地說:“消費者來到葡萄園里看到葡萄串上的蜘蛛網(wǎng),就知道這里生態(tài)很好,用藥少,葡萄吃起來就覺得安全放心!”
 
  葡萄牙負(fù)責(zé)人表示,這都是采用了全程綠色防控技術(shù)后產(chǎn)生的明顯變化。綠色防控是綜合利用生物防治、物理防治等多種技術(shù)組合來防控作物病蟲害,可以有效減少農(nóng)藥使用,提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì),還有利于保護生物多樣性。
 
  據(jù)了解,葡萄在生產(chǎn)中易受到多種病害的威脅,并且有的病害已對多種化學(xué)藥劑產(chǎn)生抗藥性。鎮(zhèn)江農(nóng)科院吉沐祥研究員帶領(lǐng)果樹植保團隊,針對葡萄病害抗藥性增強問題,研制出了10多個生物菌及生物、化學(xué)農(nóng)藥組合,集成葡萄病害全程綠色防控技術(shù)。這樣一來,減少30%化學(xué)農(nóng)藥使用,實現(xiàn)綠色、防控葡萄病害,在句容白兔鎮(zhèn)示范獲得成功。
 
  從取得的實效看,在葡萄生產(chǎn)中使用全程綠色防控技術(shù),能降低生產(chǎn)成本,促進葡萄品質(zhì)提升,促使葡萄成熟期提*天左右,更重要的是解決了果品生產(chǎn)中的農(nóng)藥殘留頑癥,讓消費者能放心食用。
 
  據(jù)了解,目前,葡萄全程綠色防控技術(shù)已在句容萬山紅遍農(nóng)業(yè)園建立綠色生產(chǎn)示范基地220畝,輻射句容白兔鎮(zhèn)、華陽街道等地1.35萬畝。示范戶可減少常用化學(xué)防治30%用藥量,果品質(zhì)量提高,畝增效15%~20%,示范點平均每畝增效1550元,年增效益超過180萬元。
 
  江西遂川縣:農(nóng)技人員入田指導(dǎo)農(nóng)民合理使用農(nóng)藥
 
  近期,江西遂川縣大汾鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣綜合站技術(shù)人員深入5個農(nóng)業(yè)村的科技示范片及部分農(nóng)民田間地頭調(diào)查農(nóng)藥使用情況,并實地為農(nóng)藥的用法、用量、注意事項等技術(shù)進行講解,引導(dǎo)他們科學(xué)使用農(nóng)藥,鎮(zhèn)推廣站的這種主動出擊,采取送服務(wù)到家門、到田頭的服務(wù)方式受到了廣大科技示范戶和農(nóng)民的普遍歡迎,也為農(nóng)業(yè)科技入戶增添了新的活力。
 
  大汾鎮(zhèn)草汾村是底水田村莊,農(nóng)作物病蟲害較多,農(nóng)藥使用量也比較多。為了規(guī)范農(nóng)戶合理科學(xué)使用農(nóng)藥,該鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)技站技術(shù)員黎相明結(jié)合該村的作物和病蟲害發(fā)生規(guī)律,現(xiàn)場指導(dǎo)農(nóng)民科學(xué)使用農(nóng)藥的知識,減少農(nóng)民浪費用藥和不合理用藥,避免將高毒、長殘留的農(nóng)藥使用于蔬菜或近期收獲的作物,降低用藥成本,降低農(nóng)藥殘留,提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,并且將該村良坑組胡傳盛農(nóng)戶家的稻田作為農(nóng)藥藥效試驗田。胡傳盛的妻子面帶笑容的說道:“以前每次買回來的農(nóng)藥都看不懂說明書,都是按照自己的想法亂使用的,經(jīng)過黎站長指導(dǎo)之后糾正自己的錯誤用法,就不會浪費用藥了,同樣可以讓藥用在點子上,這可真是太好了!”
 
  本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:央廣網(wǎng)、農(nóng)民日報、中國吉安網(wǎng),如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。
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