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無人機(jī)在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用帶來的是巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益

2018-08-10 10:05:07 來源:中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:49568 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:現(xiàn)如今,無人機(jī)已經(jīng)在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了大范圍應(yīng)用和認(rèn)可,除了使用范圍廣的噴灑農(nóng)藥外,還有無人機(jī)播種、無人機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)等,可謂“一機(jī)多用”,范圍越來越廣,而無人機(jī)在農(nóng)業(yè)上的價(jià)值也得到充分肯定。

  【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】現(xiàn)如今,無人機(jī)已經(jīng)在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了大范圍應(yīng)用和認(rèn)可,除了使用范圍廣的噴灑農(nóng)藥外,還有無人機(jī)播種、無人機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)等,可謂“一機(jī)多用”,范圍越來越廣,而無人機(jī)在農(nóng)業(yè)上的價(jià)值也得到充分肯定。
 
  西湖龍井茶園無人機(jī)治蟲
 
  為有效降低人工成本和減少化學(xué)農(nóng)藥使用,提升西湖龍井茶質(zhì)量水平,西湖景區(qū)在梅家塢村舉行茶園無人機(jī)防治試點(diǎn)工作,對(duì)梅家塢梅靈南路兩側(cè)近200畝茶園進(jìn)行防治,出動(dòng)4架無人機(jī),施用純生物農(nóng)藥——短穩(wěn)桿菌和茶皂素,重點(diǎn)針對(duì)近期高發(fā)的茶尺蠖和小綠葉蟬。
 
  純生物農(nóng)藥的施用,可避免由于高濃度噴施可能造成的殘留問題。據(jù)悉,本次試點(diǎn)工作邀請(qǐng)了中國(guó)農(nóng)科院茶葉研究所、省農(nóng)業(yè)廳、市農(nóng)業(yè)局的專家進(jìn)行技術(shù)指導(dǎo),在今年試點(diǎn)完成后將出具專業(yè)性的成果報(bào)告,為下一步的無人機(jī)防治推廣工作奠定基礎(chǔ)。
 
  近年來,西湖景區(qū)通過實(shí)施西湖龍井茶統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治工作,加強(qiáng)病蟲害預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào),實(shí)施農(nóng)藥定點(diǎn)供應(yīng)和補(bǔ)貼等政策,大大提升了西湖龍井茶產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量水平。相關(guān)工作人員表示,西湖龍井茶園采用無人機(jī)防治主要出于兩個(gè)原因,一是降低人工成本,使原來一家一戶的分散防治達(dá)到統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治,降低人工成本的同時(shí),還可以提高整體防治效果;二是降低化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的使用,試點(diǎn)區(qū)域今年將采取全生物農(nóng)藥進(jìn)行防治,試點(diǎn)結(jié)束后,將對(duì)比相關(guān)化學(xué)防治效果,如果效果較好,將在后期大范圍推廣。
 
  廣東雷州市無人機(jī)播種水稻
 
  正是晚稻播種時(shí)節(jié),在廣東湛江市雷州市東西洋田,一臺(tái)無人機(jī)沿直線運(yùn)作,“肚子”*地吐出一粒粒稻谷——8月6日上午,在雷州市那毛種養(yǎng)農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社,當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民正在用無人機(jī)播撒水稻種子,這一舉措讓當(dāng)?shù)胤N田機(jī)械化程度得到了進(jìn)一步提高。無人機(jī)播種水稻是雷州市那毛種養(yǎng)農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社著力開展的創(chuàng)新之舉,探索水稻生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化的新技術(shù)、新模式。
 
  據(jù)了解,傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中的播種,從選種到將秧苗插入田中,至少還要經(jīng)過泡種、育苗這兩道工序。無論是哪道工序,都需要投入大量的精力?,F(xiàn)場(chǎng)的專家介紹,傳統(tǒng)的人力播種,每人每天(按8個(gè)小時(shí)工作量計(jì)算)大概能種800粒種子。同樣的工作量,無人機(jī)預(yù)計(jì)1個(gè)小時(shí)就能完成。無人機(jī)采用植保無人機(jī)精量播種方式,省去傳統(tǒng)水稻種植需要人工播種、秧苗管理、拔秧、插秧等繁瑣而耗費(fèi)人力的諸多環(huán)節(jié)。
 
  “2年前,我們就開始探索無人機(jī)播種水稻。我們采取采點(diǎn)、取樣、實(shí)收等方式測(cè)產(chǎn),結(jié)果證明,無人機(jī)播種水稻,比傳統(tǒng)的‘穴直播’水稻增產(chǎn)30kg/畝。”廣東省農(nóng)業(yè)廳派駐那毛村扶貧書記彭彬說,較之傳統(tǒng)的插秧,“直播”出來種子密度更高,為農(nóng)戶節(jié)省人力物力。接下來,將繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大飛播水稻試驗(yàn)種植面積,以那毛村為點(diǎn),向外拓展,推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)新技術(shù)向雷州乃至湛江普及,實(shí)現(xiàn)資源共享,合作共贏。
 
  貴州錦屏縣無人機(jī)噴灑納米硒提高稻生產(chǎn)效率
 
  8月2日,在錦屏縣銅鼓鎮(zhèn)有機(jī)稻種植示范基地里,一臺(tái)八翼無人機(jī)正在稻田上方幾米高的位置“嗡嗡”著來回盤旋,這是銅鼓鎮(zhèn)嫩寨稻種植合作社次引進(jìn)無人機(jī)進(jìn)行噴灑微生物納米硒作業(yè)。田邊,一位操作人員手持一臺(tái)無線遙控裝置,不到2個(gè)小時(shí)就完成了150畝有機(jī)稻的噴灑任務(wù)。
 
  據(jù)相關(guān)人員介紹,給有機(jī)稻噴灑微生物納米硒,可以有效提高作物本身硒的含量,使水稻達(dá)到富硒標(biāo)準(zhǔn),附加值每斤可增加1.5元以上,在產(chǎn)品過剩的時(shí)代,高品質(zhì)、高附加值的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品更加為消費(fèi)者所青睞。
 
  據(jù)悉,今年錦屏縣銅鼓鎮(zhèn)、偶里鄉(xiāng)、固本鄉(xiāng)、河口鄉(xiāng)4個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)有機(jī)稻示范基地890畝,采用“公司+合作社+農(nóng)戶”模式實(shí)施,把具有錦屏特色的“杉鄉(xiāng)”牌大米打造起來,可有效帶動(dòng)貧困戶脫貧致富。
 
  結(jié)語
 
  我國(guó)是農(nóng)業(yè)大國(guó),無人機(jī)在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的投入帶來的是巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和社會(huì)價(jià)值。無人機(jī)技術(shù)不光是中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的一場(chǎng)革命,更將是我國(guó)高科技農(nóng)業(yè)時(shí)代的轉(zhuǎn)折。
 
  本文由中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:浙江新聞、湛江晚報(bào)、錦屏縣政府辦公室,如有侵權(quán)或異議請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。
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