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“多年致富，一災(zāi)致貧”：誰為平安農(nóng)業(yè)“保駕護(hù)航”？

2018-06-12 14:51:48 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：35937 評論

導(dǎo)讀：伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化、規(guī)?；?、現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展趨勢，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械對推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了越來越重要的作用。與此同時，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械不僅成為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工具，也成為機(jī)手農(nóng)忙季節(jié)增加收入的重要途徑。但是由于農(nóng)機(jī)本身構(gòu)造及設(shè)計的特殊性，多數(shù)齒輪、皮帶、刀片裸露在外，使得農(nóng)機(jī)在操作過程中產(chǎn)生更多的安全風(fēng)險因素，近年全國各地有關(guān)農(nóng)機(jī)事故的報道屢見不鮮，農(nóng)機(jī)手的生命和財產(chǎn)受到嚴(yán)重威脅,實施農(nóng)機(jī)保險政策刻不容緩。

　　【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化、規(guī)模化、現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展趨勢，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械對推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了越來越重要的作用。與此同時，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械不僅成為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工具，也成為機(jī)手農(nóng)忙季節(jié)增加收入的重要途徑。但是由于農(nóng)機(jī)本身構(gòu)造及設(shè)計的特殊性，多數(shù)齒輪、皮帶、刀片裸露在外，使得農(nóng)機(jī)在操作過程中產(chǎn)生更多的安全風(fēng)險因素，近年全國各地有關(guān)農(nóng)機(jī)事故的報道屢見不鮮，農(nóng)機(jī)手的生命和財產(chǎn)受到嚴(yán)重威脅,實施農(nóng)機(jī)保險政策刻不容緩。
 
　　早在2013年，國家頒布了《農(nóng)業(yè)保險條例》， 明確了保險機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)營有政策支持的涉農(nóng)保險的相關(guān)規(guī)定，賦予了農(nóng)機(jī)保險屬于涉農(nóng)保險的法律地位，是政府有關(guān)部門推進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)保險事業(yè)發(fā)展的法律依據(jù)。在這之后，各地政府也在積極探索適合本地的農(nóng)機(jī)保險路子，目前已取得顯著成效。
 
　　江蘇：農(nóng)機(jī)保險已在全省全面實施
 
　　江蘇省在2015年開始在部分市縣試行農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械綜合保險，由于其具有保障范圍廣、保障程度高、操作簡便以及符合農(nóng)機(jī)使用特點等優(yōu)勢，受到了機(jī)手和保險部門的歡迎。因為效果明顯，2017年，江蘇將該保險在省內(nèi)全面推行。
 
　　江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械管理局局長沈建輝介紹，2017年全省參保農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械13.7萬臺次，累計保費6300萬元，各級財政補(bǔ)貼超過4000萬元，平均每臺機(jī)械享受300元左右。“雖然去年參保農(nóng)機(jī)達(dá)到13.7萬臺，但這項工作目前還處于起步階段，而且未來發(fā)展?jié)摿κ志薮蟆?rdquo;沈建輝表示，下一步江蘇省重點工作是統(tǒng)籌完善相關(guān)政策措施，著力解決部分地區(qū)大量老舊農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械沒有注冊登記或定期檢驗以及農(nóng)民培訓(xùn)、領(lǐng)證等難題，破除參保障礙，爭取利用兩年左右的時間，力爭全省農(nóng)機(jī)參保率達(dá)到90%以上，總保費收入超過1億元。
 
　　河北：農(nóng)機(jī)保險農(nóng)戶承擔(dān)部分不超過20%
 
　　2016年12月，河北省農(nóng)業(yè)廳(省農(nóng)工辦)、省財政廳、河北保監(jiān)局聯(lián)合印發(fā)《河北省政策性農(nóng)機(jī)保險實施方案(試行)》，從2017年起在全省實施。河北省是繼江蘇省之后，在*二個以三部門名義專門對政策性農(nóng)機(jī)保險作出安排部署的省份。
 
　　方案規(guī)定，省財政廳在2017年年度預(yù)算中協(xié)調(diào)安排1600萬元，專門用于對拖拉機(jī)交強(qiáng)險、拖拉機(jī)和聯(lián)合收割機(jī)綜合險(包括農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械損失險、第三者責(zé)任險、操作人員責(zé)任險)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)貼。補(bǔ)貼方式為：省財政采取以獎代補(bǔ)的方式，對自愿開展政策性農(nóng)機(jī)保險工作的試點縣(市、區(qū))給予保費補(bǔ)貼支持。省級財政對財政直管縣和貧困縣的保費補(bǔ)貼比例為50%，對其它縣(市、區(qū))補(bǔ)貼比例為40%，各設(shè)區(qū)市、縣(市、區(qū))財政補(bǔ)貼比例自行確定，省、市、縣三級財政補(bǔ)貼比例原則上不低于80%，農(nóng)戶承擔(dān)部分不高于20%。
 
　　寧夏中衛(wèi)市：實施政策性農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械保險
 
　　近日，寧夏中衛(wèi)市采取“政府引導(dǎo)、財政補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)機(jī)和保險公司協(xié)同運作”的方式，實施政策性農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械保險。保險費用由市、縣(區(qū))財政補(bǔ)貼70%，投保人只需承擔(dān)30%。根據(jù)參保險種不同，賠償金額5萬元至45萬元不等。
 
　　據(jù)了解，凡是納入農(nóng)機(jī)管理的微耕機(jī)、拖拉機(jī)、聯(lián)合收割機(jī)、自走式植保機(jī)、全日糧飼料混合攪拌機(jī)等農(nóng)用機(jī)械在全市擁有、使用農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械的農(nóng)民以及從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的單位均可參保。在賠償金額上，操作人員和第三者人身傷亡高均賠付20萬元，農(nóng)機(jī)損失高賠付5萬元，總保險金額達(dá)到45萬元。
 
　　結(jié)語
 
　　雖然目前我國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平已達(dá)到一定水平、農(nóng)民收入較之前獲得大幅增長，但大型農(nóng)機(jī)具的損壞和事故帶來的巨大損失對農(nóng)民來說還是無法承受的，開展農(nóng)機(jī)保險業(yè)務(wù)對避免農(nóng)民“多年致富，一災(zāi)致貧”現(xiàn)象有極大的積極作用，可以使農(nóng)戶以較少的投入獲得穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)保障，促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增加對農(nóng)業(yè)的投入，保證農(nóng)民收入持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長。開展農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械保險是對政策性農(nóng)業(yè)種植業(yè)保險作用的一種延伸，是保障農(nóng)村整體穩(wěn)定的支撐，也是實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略、建設(shè)美麗和諧鄉(xiāng)村的后盾。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)機(jī)化導(dǎo)報、河北新聞網(wǎng)，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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