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天津：在播種質(zhì)量上精準(zhǔn)發(fā)力，努力提升農(nóng)業(yè)機械化水平

2024-04-08 10:35:53 來源：天津市農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展服務(wù)中心 閱讀量：17711 評論

導(dǎo)讀：天津市農(nóng)業(yè)中心多措并舉，大力發(fā)展糧食作物穩(wěn)產(chǎn)量促單產(chǎn)提升機械化技術(shù)，在提高播種機械化技術(shù)上初見成效。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】 為認(rèn)真落實中央一號文件精神和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部《關(guān)于進一步做好機械化播種質(zhì)量提升工作的通知》要求，市農(nóng)業(yè)中心將糧食作物機收減損作為農(nóng)業(yè)機械化工作的重要發(fā)力點，積極發(fā)揮農(nóng)業(yè)機械裝備在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上的科技支撐作用，多措并舉，大力發(fā)展糧食作物穩(wěn)產(chǎn)量促單產(chǎn)提升機械化技術(shù)，在提高播種機化技術(shù)上初見成效。
 
　　一是摸清我市糧食作物機播質(zhì)量底數(shù)。從機播質(zhì)量實情、分析影響因素和關(guān)鍵問題等幾個角度入手，分區(qū)域分作物分環(huán)節(jié)明確提升機播質(zhì)量的技術(shù)路線，研究提出切實管用的技術(shù)裝備需求和具體措施，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)戶機手“選用好機”、“把機用好”，指導(dǎo)宣傳“糧經(jīng)作物單產(chǎn)提升機械化技術(shù)”、“小麥春播春管機械化種植技術(shù)”、“玉米增密與群體空間調(diào)控栽培機械化播種技術(shù)”及農(nóng)機補貼政策等。
 
　　二是積極引進新技術(shù)新機具試驗示范。圍繞小麥、玉米全程機械化生產(chǎn)，在播種環(huán)節(jié)重點做好高性能播種機械化技術(shù)的試驗示范應(yīng)用。積極組織技術(shù)調(diào)研儲備和配套機具實地察看，篩選技術(shù)先進、作業(yè)速度快、質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定、性能可靠的小麥和玉米播種肥一體作業(yè)，部分機型結(jié)合裝備智能監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，監(jiān)測種箱肥箱實施情況，進行實時預(yù)警，在保障播種作業(yè)質(zhì)量的同時，實現(xiàn)作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)少進地、減少碳排放。在玉米高性能播種方面，探索智能電驅(qū)精量播種技術(shù)新模式，實現(xiàn)每行播種單獨電驅(qū)控制，解決傳統(tǒng)地輪傳動易發(fā)生漏播的問題，可以達到高速播種的效果，同時，可以結(jié)合播種地塊具體情況控制邊行下種量，實現(xiàn)智能化精量播種。
 
　　三是強化培訓(xùn)力度，提升農(nóng)機作業(yè)服務(wù)質(zhì)量。結(jié)合季節(jié)性農(nóng)時生產(chǎn)，組織召開高性能播種機械化技術(shù)現(xiàn)場演示培訓(xùn)活動，培訓(xùn)農(nóng)民和技術(shù)人員200余人次。通過現(xiàn)場的演示與培訓(xùn)使廣大農(nóng)機作業(yè)人員、種植合作社與種植大戶技術(shù)人員全面了解掌握高性能播種機械化技術(shù)并付諸生產(chǎn)，有效提升了播種作業(yè)質(zhì)量。同時，組織技術(shù)小分隊深入生產(chǎn)一線開展上門服務(wù)，推動機播質(zhì)量提升技術(shù)到位、任務(wù)落地，為實現(xiàn)糧食作物單產(chǎn)提升做好農(nóng)機裝備的科技支撐工作，提升農(nóng)機作業(yè)服務(wù)質(zhì)量水平。
 
　　下一步，市農(nóng)業(yè)中心將繼續(xù)全面落實農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部關(guān)于全國糧油等主要作物大面積單產(chǎn)提升的要求，圍繞提升小麥、玉米機械化播種質(zhì)量，結(jié)合北斗導(dǎo)航農(nóng)機自動駕駛在高精度耕作控制技術(shù)和播種復(fù)合作業(yè)技術(shù)試驗中的應(yīng)用，挖掘農(nóng)業(yè)機械化增產(chǎn)潛力，為我市糧食安全生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展提供“農(nóng)機路徑”。

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