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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組在河北南宮開展調(diào)研

2023-07-26 08:59:53 來(lái)源：農(nóng)機(jī)化總站經(jīng)作處 閱讀量：13759 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：7月24日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)作物全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組棉花專業(yè)組參加了在河北省南宮市舉辦的黃河流域棉花智能化機(jī)械化高效栽培技術(shù)集成與示范現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩活動(dòng)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】7月24日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)作物全程機(jī)械化專家指導(dǎo)組棉花專業(yè)組參加了在河北省南宮市舉辦的黃河流域棉花智能化機(jī)械化高效栽培技術(shù)集成與示范現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩活動(dòng)，開展相關(guān)調(diào)研，棉花專業(yè)組組長(zhǎng)石河子大學(xué)溫浩軍教授，秘書長(zhǎng)山東農(nóng)機(jī)化學(xué)會(huì)陳傳強(qiáng)研究員，成員專家中國(guó)農(nóng)科院棉花所宋國(guó)立研究員、李亞兵研究員，河北省農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣總站王建合研究員，以及成員代表山東省農(nóng)機(jī)技術(shù)推廣站蔣帆工程師、新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)農(nóng)機(jī)技術(shù)推廣總站李智勇高工等參加了調(diào)研活動(dòng)，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站經(jīng)作機(jī)械處處長(zhǎng)吳傳云參加了調(diào)研活動(dòng)。
 
　　調(diào)研組一行參觀了南宮市棉花全程機(jī)械化示范基地，聽取了河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院棉花研究所耿軍義研究員關(guān)于宜機(jī)化新品種選育、新技術(shù)應(yīng)用與全程機(jī)械化技術(shù)集成等方面的最新進(jìn)展情況介紹，聽取了中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)杜明偉教授關(guān)于機(jī)采棉化控技術(shù)在棉花精準(zhǔn)打頂、脫葉催熟上的創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用情況，聽取了中國(guó)農(nóng)科院棉花所李亞兵研究員關(guān)于棉花生產(chǎn)智慧農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用情況，觀摩了棉花水肥管控信息化、智能化設(shè)備產(chǎn)品展示和作業(yè)演示情況。
 
　　河北省是我國(guó)棉花種植面積第二大省份，是黃河流域傳統(tǒng)植棉區(qū)，目前棉花種植面積約200萬(wàn)畝，南宮市棉花種植面積約20萬(wàn)畝。由于機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)水平不高、作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)多、用工量大、人工成本高、比較效益低，農(nóng)民種植棉花積極性不高，黃河流域棉花種植面積逐年萎縮。推動(dòng)黃河流域棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)恢復(fù)性發(fā)展，保障重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)定安全供給，其中一項(xiàng)重要措施就是推進(jìn)棉花耕種管收全程機(jī)械化和水肥管控智能化。
 
　　近年來(lái)，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化總站聯(lián)合陳學(xué)庚院士團(tuán)隊(duì)，在邯鄲、邢臺(tái)、濱州等地建立了17個(gè)機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化示范點(diǎn)，比傳統(tǒng)種植方式畝均增產(chǎn)110公斤(籽棉)、畝均省工7-8個(gè)。針對(duì)棉花生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中需要澆水8-12次，人工成本高、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大等問(wèn)題，中國(guó)農(nóng)科院棉花所棉花智慧栽培創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)研制了棉花水肥管控智能化輪灌系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)作物長(zhǎng)勢(shì)和土壤環(huán)境自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)、決策管理和水肥智能化控制集成應(yīng)用，實(shí)現(xiàn)了棉花種植水肥管理遠(yuǎn)程智能管控，可以節(jié)約用水20%，節(jié)省水肥用工成本80%以上，降低管理成本80-90元/畝，在黃河流域、長(zhǎng)江流域、新疆地區(qū)機(jī)采棉全程機(jī)械化示范點(diǎn)上得到了成功推廣應(yīng)用。
 
　　黃河流域棉花智能化機(jī)械化高效栽培技術(shù)集成與示范現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩活動(dòng)由中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院棉花研究所、河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院棉花研究所、河北省農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)推廣總站主辦，國(guó)家棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系相關(guān)崗位專家和技術(shù)人員，河北省相關(guān)市縣農(nóng)機(jī)人員和棉農(nóng)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體等100余人參加了活動(dòng)。
 
　　此次專家組調(diào)研抓住河北棉花進(jìn)入盛鈴期的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，對(duì)示范基地在田棉花水肥管理、化控管理進(jìn)行了技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，進(jìn)一步深化了農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花機(jī)械化專家組與國(guó)家棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系栽培、機(jī)械等崗位專家交流合作，加快了先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)和科研成果在棉花生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用，全過(guò)程全鏈條推進(jìn)了黃河流域棉花機(jī)械化智能化發(fā)展。

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