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廣東省農(nóng)裝所：菠蘿、茶園、畜禽糞污處理機(jī)械化創(chuàng)新研究不斷

2023-06-07 08:48:17 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：36227 評論

導(dǎo)讀：今年以來，該所自主研發(fā)了多種新型農(nóng)機(jī)具，為我國現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備發(fā)展提供強(qiáng)有力的技術(shù)支撐。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所——以服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”為己任，致力于為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)提供先進(jìn)適用的技術(shù)裝備，集基礎(chǔ)性及共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研發(fā)、成果轉(zhuǎn)化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化及推廣為一體的多領(lǐng)域綜合性研究所。今年以來，該所自主研發(fā)了多種新型農(nóng)機(jī)具，為我國現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備發(fā)展提供強(qiáng)有力的技術(shù)支撐。
 
　　養(yǎng)殖場糞污處理項目——
 
　　日前，廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所研發(fā)的覆膜式好氧堆肥模式上榜全國畜牧總站推介的《規(guī)模以下養(yǎng)殖場(戶)畜禽糞污資源化利用實用技術(shù)與典型案例》。該案例提供了一套針對中小養(yǎng)殖場(戶)采用覆膜式好氧堆肥處理畜禽糞污的技術(shù)模式，有針對性地解決糞污處理難題，并為養(yǎng)殖場(戶)增加收益和綠色發(fā)展提供指導(dǎo)方向。同時，可供畜牧業(yè)管理人員、技術(shù)人員、借鑒和參考。
 
　　案例中合作社在廣東省農(nóng)裝所的技術(shù)支持指導(dǎo)下，以肉鴿養(yǎng)殖合作社為核心廠區(qū)建設(shè)條垛覆膜式好氧堆肥系統(tǒng)，集中收集處理本廠區(qū)和合作社散養(yǎng)戶肉鴿養(yǎng)殖所產(chǎn)生的糞污進(jìn)行有機(jī)肥生產(chǎn)，部分有機(jī)肥在周邊還田利用，其余部分經(jīng)過處理作為商品有機(jī)肥出售。
 
　　菠蘿機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)新裝備——
 
　　在2023中國(徐聞)菠蘿綠色高質(zhì)高效發(fā)展大會上，廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所帶來了菠蘿田間噴霧機(jī)、菠蘿田間施肥機(jī)、菠蘿移栽機(jī)、菠蘿秸稈粉碎回收機(jī)、可變軌距履帶式田園運(yùn)輸機(jī)等機(jī)械裝備，進(jìn)行田間展示。
 
　　演示現(xiàn)場，隨著菠蘿移栽機(jī)啟動運(yùn)行，機(jī)身上的苗杯上下起伏裝入種苗，“鴨嘴”旋耕土地，一張一合間一棵棵種苗被輕松種下。一場移栽，不過短短幾分鐘就可以完成。
 
　　而可變軌距履帶式田園運(yùn)輸機(jī)是省時省力，僅一臺機(jī)械就完成了多項田間環(huán)節(jié)。該裝備可實現(xiàn)田間物資運(yùn)輸、施肥、植保、催花等多項功能，2臺機(jī)械就可以減少6個挑工的工作量，有效解決了田間作業(yè)勞動強(qiáng)度的問題，大大提高了平臺的使用范圍和使用效率?？勺冘壘嗦膸教飯@運(yùn)輸機(jī)可在坡度15°以內(nèi)的大田使用，非常適合菠蘿種植面積在50—100畝的小農(nóng)戶，以及千畝以上種植大戶、田間托管隊購置使用。
 
　　茶園新裝備——
 
　　4月26日，由廣東省農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣中心主辦，清遠(yuǎn)市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局、廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所、清遠(yuǎn)市農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣服務(wù)中心、英德市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局協(xié)辦的茶園綠色高效栽培技術(shù)培訓(xùn)班在英德市浛洸鎮(zhèn)順利舉行。在本次培訓(xùn)班的“數(shù)字+輕騎兵”農(nóng)技服務(wù)田頭課中，省農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣中心農(nóng)機(jī)部副科長聶虎子與廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所丘陵中心工程師陳衛(wèi)靈為培訓(xùn)班學(xué)員現(xiàn)場培訓(xùn)講解了手扶履帶自走式碎草機(jī)、乘坐式管理機(jī)、乘坐式復(fù)合采摘機(jī)、多功能開溝施肥機(jī)等茶園種植各個環(huán)節(jié)的新型裝備的功能與使用方法，展示了茶葉生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的便利與高效率。此次推廣演示的新裝備均由廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所提供。
 
　　手扶履帶自走式碎草機(jī)適用于丘陵山地、茶園等除草作業(yè)，適應(yīng)坡地、濕地等環(huán)境惡劣的作業(yè)現(xiàn)場，采用甩刀式割草，可有效切除雜草，機(jī)器操作簡單，稍加培訓(xùn)即能輕松操作。
 
　　乘坐式管理機(jī)
 
　　乘坐式管理機(jī)是一款多功能茶園管理設(shè)備，適用于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、規(guī)?；N植的茶園工作，配置側(cè)邊修剪裝置可進(jìn)行茶行側(cè)邊修剪，配置茶樹粉碎剪枝裝置進(jìn)行定型修剪和整形修剪，最低可修剪至離地32cm。乘坐式管理機(jī)，可長時間連續(xù)作業(yè)，作業(yè)效率高，每天8小時可服務(wù)30畝茶園，大大減少人工成本，根據(jù)不同的作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)，一臺機(jī)器可代替20-50人。
 
　　乘坐式復(fù)合采摘機(jī)
 
　　乘坐式復(fù)合采摘機(jī)采摘高度是53cm至93cm，軌距1.6m至1.8m可調(diào)，采摘產(chǎn)量為每畝500公斤的茶園時,50m茶行采用2 行采摘(一次來回)可采摘一百多公斤茶青，采摘效率高，采茶質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定性好，一臺機(jī)器可代替 50 個采茶工。
 
　　自走式多功能施肥機(jī)
 
　　自走式多功能施肥機(jī)用于茶園開溝施肥自動回填、旋耕、除草等環(huán)節(jié)，一機(jī)多用，操作靈便，可原地轉(zhuǎn)向，動力采用35匹馬力柴油機(jī)，行走采用橡膠履帶，通過性好。開溝深度0-350mm,寬度為350mm,施肥深度為200-350mm。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)裝備研究所、南方日報。

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