國家持續(xù)加大秸稈收獲機具扶持力度，或?qū)⒗瓌淤彊C需求

2022-08-22 15:44:52 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：29707 評論

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】農(nóng)區(qū)是我國草食畜牧業(yè)的重要主產(chǎn)區(qū)，為保障國家牛羊肉、牛奶等畜產(chǎn)品市場有效供給發(fā)揮了重要支撐作用。近年以來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部制定出臺多個規(guī)劃性文件，著力優(yōu)化區(qū)域布局，引導農(nóng)區(qū)等主產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)揮區(qū)域優(yōu)勢，促進草食畜牧業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。如：《“十四五”全國畜牧獸醫(yī)行業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》、《“十四五”全國飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》等。
 
　　秸稈作為一個戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，在畜牧、造紙、農(nóng)業(yè)、能源等各個行業(yè)均具有十分重要的作用。2018年以來，國家調(diào)整農(nóng)機購置補貼政策，把符合綠色生態(tài)導向的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品列為支持重點，大力支持秸稈還田離田等綠色高效機械裝備和技術的示范推廣。
 
　　近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部公布了對十三屆全國人大五次會議第7279號提出的關于實施農(nóng)區(qū)秸稈變?nèi)鈸Q奶戰(zhàn)略建議的答復。目前，自然資源部正在牽頭組織編制《全國國土空間規(guī)劃綱要(2021—2035年)》，將積極吸收采納實施農(nóng)區(qū)秸稈變?nèi)鈸Q奶戰(zhàn)略的建議，指導各地充分挖掘自身資源環(huán)境稟賦，在滿足耕地保有量和足額劃定耕地保護紅線的基礎上，為發(fā)展設施農(nóng)業(yè)預留空間。
 
　　關于研究出臺“秸稈變?nèi)鈸Q奶”政策：近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同有關部門出臺多項政策措施，積極推進農(nóng)區(qū)秸稈飼料化利用和草食畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將持續(xù)推進秸稈綜合利用，加大秸稈收獲機具的政策扶持力度，培育壯大秸稈飼料化利用市場主體，大力發(fā)展牛羊適度規(guī)模標準化養(yǎng)殖，建立可推廣、可持續(xù)的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展模式，帶動秸稈利用產(chǎn)業(yè)提質(zhì)增效。
 
　　關于積極探索“秸稈變?nèi)鈸Q奶”機制：2021年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同國家發(fā)展改革委印發(fā)《“十四五”全國畜禽糞肥利用種養(yǎng)結(jié)合建設規(guī)劃》，提出“十四五”期間建設250個畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進項目縣，在開展畜禽糞污肥料化利用的同時，大力推進秸稈綜合利用，鼓勵秸稈飼料化利用。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將會同國家發(fā)展改革委等有關部門，結(jié)合實施《“十四五”全國畜禽糞肥利用種養(yǎng)結(jié)合建設規(guī)劃》，繼續(xù)支持河南等農(nóng)區(qū)省份，大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代畜牧業(yè)，充分利用秸稈資源，增加綠色優(yōu)質(zhì)畜產(chǎn)品供給。
 
　　關于強化“秸稈變?nèi)鈸Q奶”支撐：下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、科技部將持續(xù)支持秸稈資源開發(fā)利用和牛羊養(yǎng)殖領域的科技研發(fā)，圍繞良種繁育、新飼料資源開發(fā)、優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草生產(chǎn)加工、高效養(yǎng)殖、重大動物疫病防控等關鍵環(huán)節(jié)，創(chuàng)新集成一批高效實用新技術、新產(chǎn)品，加強技術指導與服務，提高秸稈飼料化利用和牛羊養(yǎng)殖的技術水平，幫助養(yǎng)殖場戶增產(chǎn)增效。
 
　　近年來，在國家嚴禁焚燒秸稈的政策導向下，秸稈處理機械被納入新的農(nóng)機購置補貼范圍。根據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)機械雜志社市場大數(shù)據(jù)平臺數(shù)據(jù)，山東省近兩年秸稈打捆機銷量總和不足2000臺，還不到黑龍江銷量的二分之一，河南、吉林銷量的三分之一。作為我的國產(chǎn)糧大省來說，山東的秸稈打捆設備現(xiàn)存率和需求極不匹配。
 
　　據(jù)了解，黑龍江從2017年開始，連續(xù)5年發(fā)布年度秸稈綜合利用工作實施方案，并利用農(nóng)機購置補貼等政策，加快當?shù)貙τ诮斩掚x田機具的應用。導致黑龍江秸稈打捆機的銷量年年增長，在2019年實現(xiàn)了超10000臺的銷量。在近兩年秸稈打捆機保有量趨于飽和后，銷售量才開始穩(wěn)定在一定區(qū)間內(nèi)。據(jù)以上農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部的相關答復可得知，未來秸稈收獲機具的補貼力度將繼續(xù)加大，或?qū)⒁齺砹硪徊ㄊ袌鲣N量高峰。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、農(nóng)業(yè)機械雜志社。

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