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這里有無人駕駛插秧機,還用上了穴盤菜收割機!浦東的“無人農(nóng)場”長這樣

2022-08-09 09:24:48 來源:上海市農(nóng)業(yè)機械鑒定推廣站 閱讀量:13781 評論

導讀:打造無人農(nóng)場就是從耕、種、管、收等幾個環(huán)節(jié),都要實現(xiàn)無人化。

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】盛夏時節(jié),正是雞毛菜上市的旺季。在上海市浦東新區(qū)宣橋鎮(zhèn)腰路村上海清美綠色食品(集團)有限公司(以下簡稱“清美集團”)數(shù)字化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)示范基地的大棚里,20多畝生長在苗床上的雞毛菜長勢正旺。一些苗床上的雞毛菜已經(jīng)成熟,邊上的自動傳送機將一個個苗床送到穴盤菜收割機上,隨著設備的轉(zhuǎn)動,雞毛菜被快速地收割,邊上輔助的工人只需要3人。
 
  這個大棚是清美的穴盤菜工廠化生產(chǎn)示范區(qū),眼下種植的是雞毛菜。每個長3米多、寬1米多的苗床上,有36盤雞毛菜。“依靠傳送機和收割機,一個小時能收割300盤雞毛菜。”清美集團技術(shù)經(jīng)理張志新表示,同時,穴盤雞毛菜種植通過機械化流水線,實現(xiàn)播種、育苗、施肥、采收一體化生產(chǎn),達到低人工、高產(chǎn)量的工廠化生產(chǎn)模式。
 
  據(jù)悉,清美集團的數(shù)字化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)示范基地通過引入機械化、自動化、信息化等多種現(xiàn)代科技技術(shù),讓農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)不再是完全“靠天吃飯”,農(nóng)民也不再是“面朝黃土背朝天”,而是每天工作8小時的產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。
 
  清美集團農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)理宋俊元介紹說,相比普通大棚每年最多8茬,這里的雞毛菜能種植12至15茬,且不打農(nóng)藥,口感更好。此外,目前基地的其它溫室大棚里還種有青菜、黃瓜、南瓜、小番茄等不同品種的蔬菜,通過控制設備,可實現(xiàn)溫室的自動遮陽、自動保溫、自動灌溉、水肥一體化等一系列操作,保證蔬菜質(zhì)量,提升蔬菜品質(zhì)。
 
  在蔬菜大棚的邊上,就是清美集團的5G水稻種植基地,也是國內(nèi)首個全智能數(shù)字水稻種植示范區(qū)。示范區(qū)有200多畝,被分成了25塊區(qū)域,分別種有上海農(nóng)科院引進的不同品種的水稻,前一階段用無人插秧機插好的秧苗一排排整齊劃一,在藍天白云下,一大片的綠色分外顯眼。
 
  而在每個區(qū)域邊上還有一根智能監(jiān)測桿。“通過這些監(jiān)測點位,與田間管理有關(guān)的光照、空氣溫濕度、風速、風向、降雨、稻田圖像等實時傳送到清美數(shù)字水稻平臺上,對水稻生長環(huán)境、生長情況的圖像采集,上傳到云端,由云端系統(tǒng)對環(huán)境和長勢進行分析,并結(jié)合生長模型,進行施肥、灌溉等管理決策,實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)采集、分析、解譯、建模、決策和管理全過程的智能化。而平時的管理只需要2名工作人員。”張志新表示。
 
  據(jù)了解,今年這里采用了無人插秧機插秧。插秧時,插秧機在田塊的兩端“打點”,兩點連成一線,插秧機就照著這條線在整個田塊完成插秧,秧苗齊齊排成一條線。不再彎腰插秧,減輕了很多勞動作業(yè)的強度。同時,清美集團還引進了無人收割機,再過一段時間就將上崗。
 
  數(shù)字新農(nóng)業(yè)讓“土行業(yè)”潮起來。據(jù)悉,通過農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的數(shù)字化解決方案,用數(shù)字化技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè),改造后農(nóng)業(yè)畝產(chǎn)增長30%,用工減少50%,節(jié)水節(jié)肥35%。在基地的農(nóng)業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)中心,利用信息技術(shù)、云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)等多種技術(shù),實現(xiàn)了“一屏觀生產(chǎn)、一網(wǎng)管全程”的管理模式,顛覆了人們對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的固有印象。無論是年初的寒潮,還是盛夏的酷暑,清美的綠葉蔬菜都能保持良好生長狀態(tài),發(fā)揮了上海綠葉菜供應的“壓艙石”作用。
 
  “打造無人農(nóng)場就是從耕、種、管、收等幾個環(huán)節(jié),都要實現(xiàn)無人化,無人駕駛耕整地,無人駕駛插秧,植保、施肥等田間管理用無人機來完成,再到無人收割,在宣橋打造一個農(nóng)業(yè)高地。”張志新說。
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