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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)機化總站舉辦油菜移栽機推廣應(yīng)用情況交流座談會

2022-07-13 10:07:28 來源:中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械流通協(xié)會 閱讀量:16862 評論

導(dǎo)讀:7月5日,受農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化管理司委托,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化總站以視頻會議的形式舉辦了油菜移栽機推廣應(yīng)用情況交流座談會。

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化管理司科技推廣處負(fù)責(zé)同志,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機械化專家指導(dǎo)組油菜專業(yè)組成員,油菜移栽機生產(chǎn)企業(yè)代表,江蘇、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南等開展過油菜毯狀苗移栽試驗示范工作的農(nóng)機技術(shù)人員代表,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)業(yè)機械化總站經(jīng)作機械處負(fù)責(zé)同志參加了會議。
 
  與會代表圍繞油菜移栽機研發(fā)推廣進展情況、油菜移栽機大面積推廣應(yīng)用技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟可行性分析以及需要的支持政策措施等方面進行了交流發(fā)言。
 
  我國油菜種植機化率約35%,是全程機械化主要薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。北方春油菜基本實現(xiàn)了機械直播,油菜機械化種植難主要集中在南方冬油菜。我國南方冬油菜種植區(qū)域也是稻油、稻稻油、稻再油輪作區(qū)。糧油之間,油菜處于弱勢地位,普遍存在晚稻遲收、早稻恢復(fù)、油菜難種的問題,雙季稻地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了大量可種植油菜的冬閑田,急需研發(fā)推廣先進適用的油菜機械化移栽技術(shù),提升油菜機械化生產(chǎn)能力,推動冬閑田油菜擴種。
 
  油菜毯狀苗移栽機械化技術(shù)借鑒水稻毯狀苗插秧機械化技術(shù),將油菜秧苗育成盤根成毯適合機械切塊插栽的毯狀苗,育苗密度達到3000株/平方米,苗齡30~45天;采取油菜切塊取苗+對縫插栽技術(shù),像水稻插秧機一樣,機械針爪切塊取苗栽插、圓盤刀切縫、雙地輪鎮(zhèn)壓,栽植頻率達到300次/分鐘,立苗率超過85%;研制推出了兩款油菜毯狀苗移栽機,洋馬(中國)農(nóng)機2ZYG-6型自走式油菜毯狀苗移栽機和江蘇云馬拖拉機牽引式2ZGK-6型油菜毯狀苗聯(lián)合移栽機。經(jīng)過多年多地的試驗示范,油菜毯狀苗移栽機械化技術(shù)已基本成熟,與機械直播相比,可搶回農(nóng)時30天左右,可每畝凈增效益140~150元/畝,具備大面積推廣應(yīng)用的條件。
 
  通過次此交流座談會,主管司局、生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、科研單位和各地農(nóng)機推廣機構(gòu)形成了合力推進油菜移栽機推廣應(yīng)用的共識,為爭取農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部政策支持提供了參考依據(jù)。
 
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