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推動食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展,提升裝備水平是關(guān)鍵

2022-06-28 11:37:16 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:26564 評論

導(dǎo)讀:當(dāng)前中國食用菌生產(chǎn)裝備存在“生產(chǎn)裝備企業(yè)規(guī)模小、技術(shù)人才缺乏、與國外存在較大差距、科研平臺少、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后”等主要問題?!爸悄芑⒊商谆?、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、國情化”是食藥用菌設(shè)備行業(yè)發(fā)展的幾大趨勢。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】我國是食藥用菌資源稟賦最為豐富的國家,也是最早認(rèn)識、采摘、食用和栽培食用菌的國家。改革開放以來,我國食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,2012年起,食用菌類(即蔬菜菌類)已成為僅次于糧、油、果、菜的第五大類農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。食用菌生產(chǎn)裝備是實現(xiàn)食用菌大國向強(qiáng)國邁進(jìn)的重要保障,是涵蓋基質(zhì)粉碎、攪拌、裝袋(瓶)、滅菌、接種等多工序的成套裝備,經(jīng)研究分析食用菌生產(chǎn)裝備對食用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)提升與規(guī)模發(fā)展都有極其重要的意義。
 
  當(dāng)前中國食用菌生產(chǎn)裝備存在“生產(chǎn)裝備企業(yè)規(guī)模小、技術(shù)人才缺乏、與國外存在較大差距、科研平臺少、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后等主要問題。“智能化、成套化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、國情化”是食藥用菌設(shè)備行業(yè)發(fā)展的幾大趨勢。

  “十四五”時期是吉林省推動食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵期,為切實加大工作力度,強(qiáng)化政策支持,提高食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展質(zhì)量和綜合效益,切實提升全省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)在全國的地位。
 
  6月21日,吉林省人民政府辦公廳發(fā)布《關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)全省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展若干措施》(以下簡稱:《措施》),旨在加快推進(jìn)全省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
  《措施》立足當(dāng)前吉林省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展實際,圍繞推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展,研究提出了11條具體扶持措施。分別是:加大省級鄉(xiāng)村振興專項資金對食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)支持力度、利用地方政府專項債券發(fā)展食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)、食藥用菌設(shè)施棚室建設(shè)、食藥用菌綠色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、“蠶菌”“林菌”復(fù)合式發(fā)展、秸稈基料化綜合利用開發(fā)、食藥用菌裝備納入農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼、創(chuàng)建食藥用菌專業(yè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)(村屯)、建設(shè)食藥用菌區(qū)域性產(chǎn)地市場、品牌建設(shè)、科技示范推廣等。
 
  其中,支持將食藥用菌裝備納入農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼成一大亮點。
 
  “十四五”期間,在省級鄉(xiāng)村振興專項資金中增設(shè)吉林省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展支出方向,統(tǒng)籌現(xiàn)有可用于食藥用菌發(fā)展的相關(guān)資金,按照“政府引導(dǎo)、工商資本參與、市場化運(yùn)作”方式,支持全省食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。重點支持菌業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新、優(yōu)良菌種研發(fā)保育、綠色生產(chǎn)技術(shù)推廣、區(qū)域公用品牌建設(shè)等公益性項目建設(shè)。
 
  按照“政府發(fā)債建設(shè)、專業(yè)公司運(yùn)營、農(nóng)民有償租用”模式,省級行業(yè)管理部門在地方政府債務(wù)風(fēng)險可控的前提下,指導(dǎo)各縣(市、區(qū))政府對標(biāo)國家確定的地方政府專項債券投向,謀劃包裝相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項目支持食藥用菌產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。
 
  將食藥用菌種植生產(chǎn)納入棚膜經(jīng)濟(jì)政策支持范圍,對新建棚室面積30畝以上的食藥用菌規(guī)模種植生產(chǎn)園區(qū)(基地),按照“累計遞增、據(jù)實補(bǔ)助”方式予以補(bǔ)助。補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照《吉林省人民政府辦公廳關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)全省棚膜經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的實施意見》有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行。
 
  支持將食藥用菌裝備納入農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼。探索運(yùn)用專項鑒定、新產(chǎn)品試點、采信第三方檢測結(jié)果等綜合手段,將菌種蒸汽滅菌機(jī)(鍋)、食藥用菌基料裝瓶(袋)機(jī)、食藥用菌采收機(jī)、菌袋分離機(jī)、孢子破壁機(jī)等納入特色農(nóng)機(jī)補(bǔ)貼范圍,提升食藥用菌裝備水平和作業(yè)能力。
 
  注:本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(qktnz.cn)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:《中國發(fā)展觀察》、吉林省人民政府。
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