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浙江早稻品種結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化

2020-08-11 08:54:56 來源：浙江農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳 閱讀量：14603 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近年來，針對(duì)早稻生產(chǎn)和市場(chǎng)需求，浙江省采取了多項(xiàng)舉措，大力推進(jìn)早稻品種結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 今年浙江省早稻收割已近尾聲。從各地統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果看，今年浙江省早稻品種結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化，今年“中早39”“甬秈15”“中嘉早17”和“中組143”等4個(gè)主導(dǎo)品種種植面積合計(jì)120.9萬畝，約占全省早稻面積的78.8%；“甬秈15”“甬秈409”“舜達(dá)135”“舜達(dá)95”“中組18”等5個(gè)早熟品種面積合計(jì)34.9萬畝，約占全省早稻面積的22.7%，比上年增加8.3%。
 
　　近年來，針對(duì)早稻生產(chǎn)和市場(chǎng)需求，我省采取了多項(xiàng)舉措，大力推進(jìn)早稻品種結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。
 
　　一是調(diào)整審定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)水稻連作茬口矛盾突出、早熟品種相對(duì)缺乏的狀況，從2017年起我省對(duì)水稻審定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行調(diào)整，適當(dāng)降低早熟品種的產(chǎn)量要求，顯著加快了熟期早、適應(yīng)性廣、抗稻瘟病、白葉枯病強(qiáng)的早稻品種的選育。2017年至2020年先后審定了10個(gè)早熟品種，占這4年審定早稻品種71.4%，其中抗稻瘟病品種5個(gè)、高產(chǎn)型品種4個(gè)。今年在全省早稻新品種現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩會(huì)上參展的17個(gè)早稻新品種，均由我省科研育種單位或種子企業(yè)自主選育，涵蓋了當(dāng)前我省審定或者國(guó)家審定適宜浙江種植的早稻新品種以及具有較好推廣前景的主導(dǎo)品種等。
 
　　二是深入組織展示示范。通過省市縣三級(jí)聯(lián)動(dòng)，先后組織寧波、溫州、紹興、金華、衢州等早稻主產(chǎn)縣開展早稻新品種展示示范，對(duì)熟期早、抗病性強(qiáng)、適應(yīng)性廣的新審定的品種以及早稻主導(dǎo)品種等進(jìn)行展示示范，進(jìn)一步細(xì)化品種的適宜種植區(qū)域，為各地篩選發(fā)布推薦早稻主導(dǎo)品種提供依據(jù)。
 
　　三是強(qiáng)化良種良法配套。在展示示范過程中，各地對(duì)參展品種進(jìn)行直播、機(jī)插、移栽、播期和肥料等配套技術(shù)研究，摸索相關(guān)栽培技術(shù)措施，為農(nóng)戶提供良種良法配套服務(wù)。
 
　　四是組織開展培訓(xùn)。在早稻播種前以及重要生產(chǎn)階段均組織開展培訓(xùn)班，邀請(qǐng)技術(shù)專家、育種單位和種子企業(yè)進(jìn)行技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，詳細(xì)了解品種的特征特性和栽培技術(shù)要點(diǎn)，提高技術(shù)到位率。
 
　　五是適時(shí)舉辦觀摩會(huì)。省市縣三級(jí)種子管理機(jī)構(gòu)以及科研育種單位和種子企業(yè)在早稻品種成熟階段，積極組織舉辦多種形式的新品種觀摩會(huì)，讓大戶直觀了解早稻新品種的長(zhǎng)勢(shì)長(zhǎng)相以及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，增強(qiáng)選擇品種的感性認(rèn)識(shí)。

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