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把脈農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)短板 助力中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展

—————山西省農(nóng)機(jī)發(fā)展中心農(nóng)機(jī)推廣二部開(kāi)展中藥材機(jī)械化調(diào)研
2020-04-28 17:00:03 來(lái)源：山西省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械發(fā)展中心 閱讀量：16752 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：　中藥材是山西“南果中糧北肉東藥材西干果”五大平臺(tái)建設(shè)內(nèi)容，也是產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的重要構(gòu)成。作為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要支撐，中藥材種植規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大、區(qū)域優(yōu)勢(shì)的形成、產(chǎn)業(yè)的做大做強(qiáng)，均離不開(kāi)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場(chǎng)行情】 為了解山西省中藥材機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)情況，找準(zhǔn)農(nóng)機(jī)化發(fā)展短板。4月中旬，山西省農(nóng)機(jī)中心推廣二部技術(shù)人員前往太行山道地藥材核心區(qū)晉城市陵川縣、長(zhǎng)治市平順縣開(kāi)展調(diào)研工作。
 
平順縣苗莊鎮(zhèn)120畝中藥材連片種植基地在深旋整地作業(yè)
 
　　在晉城市陵川縣，技術(shù)人員前往六泉鄉(xiāng)石家坡村、西河底鎮(zhèn)圪坨村等地，深入田間地頭，查看藥苗長(zhǎng)勢(shì)情況。走訪合作社，與相關(guān)技術(shù)人員交流座談，了解當(dāng)?shù)刂兴幉脑耘嗄Ｊ?，核算人工作業(yè)成本，詢問(wèn)裝備應(yīng)用情況，探討中藥材生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化技術(shù)短板和弱項(xiàng)。
 
陵川縣西河底鎮(zhèn)圪坨村2年生黃芩長(zhǎng)勢(shì)情況
 
　　在長(zhǎng)治市平順縣，技術(shù)人員前往苗莊鎮(zhèn)東安善村、中五井鄉(xiāng)天腳村實(shí)地查看兩塊100畝以上連片中藥材基地種前備耕情況，走訪了東寺頭鄉(xiāng)門樓村天脊峰種植合作社，了解當(dāng)?shù)刂兴幉臋C(jī)械化生產(chǎn)狀況。期間，調(diào)研人員還深入長(zhǎng)治市藥材裝備生產(chǎn)企業(yè)-孚斯特，了解企業(yè)生產(chǎn)能力、產(chǎn)品性能、裝備研發(fā)情況等，與企業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人探討中藥材全程機(jī)械化解決方案。
 
入企調(diào)研裝備生產(chǎn)研發(fā)情況
 
　　通過(guò)調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)，陵川、平順兩縣種植中藥材地塊多數(shù)為小地塊，以人工作業(yè)為主，除耕整環(huán)節(jié)外，機(jī)械化水平整體偏低，適合使用小型機(jī)械化裝備。黃芩、黨參種植行距小，無(wú)法使用機(jī)械進(jìn)行作業(yè)。黨參受籽粒小、播種深度淺、覆土薄、不易生根發(fā)芽等因素影響，育苗和移栽環(huán)節(jié)存在技術(shù)瓶頸。針對(duì)存在的技術(shù)問(wèn)題，推廣二部技術(shù)人員指導(dǎo)基層農(nóng)機(jī)部門聯(lián)合生產(chǎn)企業(yè)和合作組織，選擇小塊試驗(yàn)田，改變?cè)耘嗄Ｊ?，采用寬行密植方式，開(kāi)展對(duì)比試驗(yàn)，嘗試解決機(jī)械化除草問(wèn)題。同時(shí)，建議通過(guò)機(jī)械播種和種子催芽技術(shù)的融合應(yīng)用，開(kāi)展黨參直播試驗(yàn)攻關(guān)，盡快突破技術(shù)瓶頸，去掉移栽環(huán)節(jié)，讓中藥材生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化輕裝前行。
 
　　中藥材是山西“南果中糧北肉東藥材西干果”五大平臺(tái)建設(shè)內(nèi)容，也是產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的重要構(gòu)成。作為現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要支撐，中藥材種植規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大、區(qū)域優(yōu)勢(shì)的形成、產(chǎn)業(yè)的做大做強(qiáng)，均離不開(kāi)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化。下一步，我省將著力補(bǔ)齊技術(shù)短板，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝深度融合，在突破機(jī)械化技術(shù)瓶頸、構(gòu)建全程機(jī)械化技術(shù)體系、打造高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中藥材機(jī)械化示范基地等方面發(fā)力，全力推動(dòng)中藥材機(jī)械化向前發(fā)展。

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