河北省豐寧縣今年預(yù)計綜合利用秸稈41.8萬噸

2018-11-13 14:57:20 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：32089 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】我們對于作物秸稈的利用有悠久的歷史，由于從前農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平低、產(chǎn)量低，秸稈數(shù)量少，秸稈除少量用于墊圈、喂養(yǎng)牲畜，部分用于堆漚肥外，大部分都作燃料燒掉了。隨著現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，相關(guān)政策法規(guī)不斷出臺和落實，秸稈綜合化利用受到重視，從“秸稈禁燒”到綜合利用直至實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)化，我國的農(nóng)業(yè)及糧食生產(chǎn)作業(yè)實現(xiàn)更的發(fā)展。
 
　　今年新出臺的的秸稈綜合化利用項目則主要包括了這些內(nèi)容：通過政策鼓勵扶持，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民自主自覺開展秸稈綜合利用，不焚燒秸稈；開展秸稈綜合利用，主要包括秸稈還田、支持秸稈生產(chǎn)有機肥、扶持發(fā)展秸稈飼料加工業(yè)、支持發(fā)展秸稈基料化產(chǎn)業(yè)、支持秸稈能源化利用；以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、村、企業(yè)或經(jīng)紀(jì)人為主體，建設(shè)秸稈收儲站點等。
 
　　寧波海曙區(qū)秸稈綜合化利用，雷筍提質(zhì)增產(chǎn)
 
　　寧波海曙區(qū)是雷筍的主產(chǎn)區(qū)之一，當(dāng)?shù)氐拇迕駛儗⑺臼崭睢⒔斩挻蚶σ惑w機收割來的晚稻新鮮秸稈覆蓋在雷筍上面，不僅能保持雷筍生長的溫度和濕度，還可以代替部分礱糠的作用，節(jié)省一定成本，解決農(nóng)作廢棄物污染環(huán)境的問題。
 
　　近年來，寧波更加重視秸稈的肥料化、原料化、飼料化、基料化利用，以減少秸稈焚燒所產(chǎn)生的氣體對環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重污染，同時秸稈的綜合化利用還能讓雷筍提質(zhì)增產(chǎn)。
 
　　今年4月，海曙區(qū)就出臺了相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對晚稻秸稈冬耕快腐還田、稻畈麥稻草覆蓋栽培技術(shù)應(yīng)用及秸稈打捆回收的差額進行補助，通過“看不見的手”引導(dǎo)當(dāng)?shù)睾献魃?、農(nóng)戶以及相關(guān)企業(yè)加入到秸稈綜合利用的大潮中。
 
　　隨著秋收的開始，下階段的秸稈回收利用工作也會穩(wěn)步推進。“秸稈回收對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)意義重大，去年海曙秸稈綜合利用率已達到93%。今年我們將繼續(xù)保持高回收利用率，助力農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和環(huán)境保護。”海曙區(qū)農(nóng)林水利局負責(zé)人說。
 
　　河北省豐寧縣今年預(yù)計綜合利用秸稈41.8萬噸
 
　　據(jù)河北省豐寧滿族自治縣農(nóng)牧局消息，該縣堅持全域全量化農(nóng)業(yè)秸稈綜合利用，今年該縣秸稈加工、收儲項目資金900萬元，對項目區(qū)實行“分區(qū)包片”，明確了13家實施企業(yè)的負責(zé)區(qū)域，保證了區(qū)域內(nèi)的秸稈加工、收儲等工作落實到位。預(yù)計年內(nèi)收集秸稈41.8萬噸，持續(xù)推進農(nóng)業(yè)增效和農(nóng)民增收工作。
 
　　豐寧屬于“一年一熟”春播種植區(qū)，現(xiàn)有耕地139萬畝。其中，糧食作物播種面積87.9萬畝。當(dāng)前，該縣有青貯玉米7萬畝，生產(chǎn)秸稈20萬噸，現(xiàn)已完成全部青貯工作。莜麥、小麥?zhǔn)占斩捈s2.6萬噸，已經(jīng)進行了秸稈打捆，主要進行燃料化、基料化、飼料化利用。谷子秸稈1.2萬噸，全部由農(nóng)戶、養(yǎng)殖戶飼料化利用。籽粒玉米生產(chǎn)秸稈18萬噸，其中8萬噸由農(nóng)戶或農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)自行收集，用于燃料化、飼料化利用，剩余玉米秸稈約10萬噸由秸稈加工項目進行處理。
 
　　河北“五化”推進全域全量秸稈利用
 
　　據(jù)河北省農(nóng)業(yè)廳消息，該省從帶動、項目、拓展途徑、健全制度等方面入手，始終堅持秸稈肥料化、飼料化、能源化、基料化、原料化等“五化”利用，實現(xiàn)了秸稈綜合利用率達到96.8%以上，促進了農(nóng)民增收，推動了農(nóng)業(yè)提質(zhì)增效綠色發(fā)展。
 
　　今年，該省修訂了《關(guān)于促進農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用和禁止露天焚燒的決定》，出臺了《大氣污染綜合治理工作考核問責(zé)辦法》等法律法規(guī)文件，明確提出將全省秸稈綜合利用率作為一項重要考核指標(biāo)。
 
　　主要措施包括實施帶動；充分利用國家和社會資本，用于購置設(shè)備、工程建設(shè)等，為秸稈綜合利用長效機制的建立提供資金和物質(zhì)保障；努力拓展秸稈利用途徑，提升加工設(shè)備裝備水平；實施模式創(chuàng)新，夏季主推“小麥聯(lián)合收獲秸稈還田+貼茬直播”，秋季主推“玉米聯(lián)合收獲秸稈還田+深松+精量播種”。
 
　　秸稈還田可以起到增產(chǎn)增收的效果，同時，促進社會化服務(wù)組織及循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，為農(nóng)民就業(yè)提供更多崗位，并改善秸稈焚燒造成的煙塵污染，或家前屋后堆放霉變秸稈造成的環(huán)境污染。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，去年全省產(chǎn)秸稈7044萬噸，綜合利用率達到96.8%，全面提高了秸稈綜合利用水平和效益。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：浙江農(nóng)業(yè)信息網(wǎng)、農(nóng)民日報，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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