城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程放緩 “農(nóng)民工”問題解決正當(dāng)時(shí)

2018-02-08 15:43:36 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：48395 評(píng)論

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】360行，你從事的職業(yè)是什么？銷售，碼農(nóng)，商人，記者，醫(yī)生等等。不管是什么行業(yè)，都“出沒”著一個(gè)不可忽視的群體，農(nóng)民工。
 
　　農(nóng)民工：有著農(nóng)村戶口，但卻在城市工作。百度百科這樣解釋，說“當(dāng)今媒體對(duì)農(nóng)民工存在一定的誤解，以為農(nóng)民工就是搞建筑的。其實(shí)大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)。因?yàn)閺霓r(nóng)村來到城里打工有各行各業(yè)，有些白領(lǐng)也是農(nóng)業(yè)戶口，只是他們學(xué)歷高一點(diǎn)從事白領(lǐng)工作。有些總經(jīng)理也是農(nóng)村來的，還沒落戶也叫‘農(nóng)民工’。”
 
　　雖然農(nóng)民工的定義范圍廣泛，但并沒有人稱醫(yī)生為“醫(yī)生工”，稱老師為“老師工”等等。從這一角度來看，社會(huì)對(duì)于農(nóng)民工的定位還是狹隘的指文化水平較低的農(nóng)民進(jìn)工地或工廠干活的群體。其實(shí)針對(duì)這些狹隘定義的“農(nóng)民工”問題，在建國(guó)后三四十年前表現(xiàn)得尚不明顯，但隨著城市化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn)，貧富差距額逐漸拉大，越來越多的農(nóng)民脫離農(nóng)業(yè)、走出農(nóng)村。隨之而來的城市與鄉(xiāng)村的矛盾日漸突出，農(nóng)民工問題也普遍受到社會(huì)關(guān)注。
 
　　據(jù)一些關(guān)于農(nóng)民工的調(diào)查顯示，認(rèn)為農(nóng)民進(jìn)城就業(yè)，會(huì)加劇城市居民的就業(yè)矛盾，城市勞動(dòng)力失業(yè)給城市政府帶來的成本十分巨大，而農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力找不到工作多也只是回家種田，因此，部分政府也會(huì)出現(xiàn)反對(duì)農(nóng)民進(jìn)城的聲音，這樣城市對(duì)農(nóng)民工的政策福利難免會(huì)有缺失。
 
　　盡管城市對(duì)于農(nóng)民工的政策福利不完善，但國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，農(nóng)民工數(shù)量依然在增加。2016 年農(nóng)民工總量達(dá)到 28171 萬(wàn)人，比上年增加 424 萬(wàn)人，增速比上年加快 0.2 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。但值得注意的是，雖然農(nóng)民工總數(shù)在增加，但是外出農(nóng)民工的數(shù)量卻一直在減少。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2016年在外出農(nóng)民工中比上年減少 157 萬(wàn)人，增速逐年放緩。
 
　　國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局農(nóng)民工監(jiān)測(cè)調(diào)查報(bào)告顯示，農(nóng)民工收入增速持續(xù)下滑，生活成本卻在不斷提高，很大程度上影響了農(nóng)民工的選擇。相比在城市務(wù)工，農(nóng)村鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)在增多，很多農(nóng)民工更愿意返鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)。另外，很多農(nóng)民工離開城市，與城市對(duì)外來人口的嚴(yán)格限制有關(guān)，沒有本地戶口的話，很難獲得只給本地人的福利待遇。
 
　　從多方數(shù)據(jù)來看，我國(guó)進(jìn)城農(nóng)民工的數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)大力減弱，城鎮(zhèn)化速度今后可能會(huì)放緩。城鎮(zhèn)化速度放緩，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展速度或許會(huì)加快。目前國(guó)家已經(jīng)大力出臺(tái)了一些列支持鼓勵(lì)大學(xué)生、農(nóng)民、企業(yè)家等返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的利好政策，而對(duì)于想要在城市落戶的農(nóng)民來說，今年以“鄉(xiāng)村振興”為主題的“一號(hào)文件”可謂是給足了福利。
 
　　2018年2月4號(hào)公布的“2018年的一號(hào)文件”明確提出，“維護(hù)進(jìn)城落戶農(nóng)民土地承包權(quán)、宅基地使用權(quán)、集體收益分配權(quán)。文件也提出，引導(dǎo)進(jìn)城落戶農(nóng)民依法自愿有償轉(zhuǎn)讓上述權(quán)益。其中，‘依法’、‘自愿’、‘有償’是關(guān)鍵，對(duì)違背文件精神的無理要求，農(nóng)民可以說‘不’。”
 
　　在我國(guó)工業(yè)化、城市化、現(xiàn)代化快速發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中，社會(huì)對(duì)農(nóng)民工的虧欠和關(guān)懷太缺失，如今城鎮(zhèn)化速度放緩，國(guó)家也將鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略寫進(jìn)“中央一號(hào)”文件，讓億萬(wàn)農(nóng)民工有了新的期望。
 
 
　　資料來源：中國(guó)社科院，界面新聞
 

上一篇： 各省政府工作會(huì)議“窺探”農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)行情

下一篇：買不起心儀的農(nóng)機(jī)沒關(guān)系 農(nóng)機(jī)融資租賃助你實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想

我要評(píng)論
文明上網(wǎng)，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個(gè)字符)

所有評(píng)論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見，與本站立場(chǎng)無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"2938260","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d57a788998b8a946636d36fb5519a85a3215f9e1680a841f6fd536ebc065186da.jpg","PictureDomain":"img69","Name":"大容量恒溫振蕩培養(yǎng)箱生產(chǎn)","Type":"DHZ-C","Descrip":" 大容量恒溫振蕩培養(yǎng)箱是供醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、醫(yī)藥、農(nóng)業(yè)、科研等部門作儲(chǔ)藏菌種、生物培養(yǎng)是科研儀器的必須設(shè)備。可以提供更廣范圍的溫度控制，能滿足從科研到中式生產(chǎn)的各種要求。","CompanyName":"金壇區(qū)金城致杰實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器廠","CompanyID":"129424","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"89","City":"常州市","Address":"常州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"80","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674518","StandUrl":"/st129424","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:18:02","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102938260","UserID":"142413","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1699486","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"祁經(jīng)理","TelPhone":"13815016067","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"生產(chǎn)各類實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器，化工儀器，接受各類儀器定制。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"30898","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/22 2:57:56","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13815016067"},{"ID":"2769879","Picture":"5eceadd4559dcfd2733cc969e180be5c6c32bb2a1cd29b097043ac9d30239d627649850f9258f886.jpg","PictureDomain":"img61","Name":"加工中心機(jī)床伸縮護(hù)板","Type":"","Descrip":"機(jī)床伸縮護(hù)板產(chǎn)品介紹鋼板防護(hù)罩主要由主面板、支撐板、滑片或滑輪、鉸鏈機(jī)構(gòu)、刮屑條、緩沖橡膠墊、護(hù)罩連接板等基本結(jié)構(gòu)組裝而成，鋼板不銹鋼防護(hù)罩被廣泛應(yīng)用在機(jī)械設(shè)備行業(yè)中,包括普通機(jī)床,數(shù)控機(jī)床,數(shù)控加工中心(立式、臥式)等。材質(zhì)機(jī)床防護(hù)罩廠家均采用國(guó)內(nèi)外優(yōu)質(zhì)材料，常用的有SUS304、1Cr13 、冷軋 板等，并采用精度較高的激光切割機(jī)和精密數(shù)控折彎?rùn)C(jī)進(jìn)行加工以其優(yōu)質(zhì)的特性，防護(hù)機(jī)床導(dǎo)軌。不銹鋼防護(hù)罩已被廣泛應(yīng)用在機(jī)床行業(yè)中，包括普通機(jī)床、數(shù)控機(jī)床、加工中心、龍門銑床等等。","CompanyName":"滄州惠達(dá)機(jī)床附件有限公司","CompanyID":"129887","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"13","City":"滄州市","Address":"滄州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"156","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674517","StandUrl":"/st129887","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:17:22","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102769879","UserID":"142876","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1719373","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"張路","TelPhone":"15731790350","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"鋼板防護(hù)罩，風(fēng)琴防護(hù)罩，排屑器，尼龍拖鏈，鋼鋁拖鏈，墊鐵，冷卻管，刮屑板","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"2","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"24681","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/6/29 15:19:41","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18233661822"},{"ID":"3030067","Picture":"cc1564b19c2db46864e5ea379ca72fb0b44d650add32e87c8123ba0eec4ba46dc3f8cf6edc219ae8.jpg","PictureDomain":"img66","Name":"移動(dòng)式全自動(dòng)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)多少錢","Type":"HS6800T","Descrip":"HS6800T-ATS全自動(dòng)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)5kw220v是一種小型發(fā)電設(shè)備，系指以柴油等為燃料，以柴油機(jī)為原動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電的動(dòng)力機(jī)械。整套機(jī)組一般由柴油機(jī)、發(fā)電機(jī)、控制箱、燃油箱、起動(dòng)和控制用蓄電瓶、保護(hù)裝置、應(yīng)急柜等部件組成。可用于各種家庭、辦公室、大中小型企業(yè)日常發(fā)電以及應(yīng)急發(fā)電。","CompanyName":"上海翰絲機(jī)電有限公司","CompanyID":"129089","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"85","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674517","StandUrl":"/st129089","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:17:18","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103030067","UserID":"142078","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1673279","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"張曉娟","TelPhone":"86-021-59177331","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"30KW汽油發(fā)電機(jī)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"34977","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/17 16:47:37","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18701871098"},{"ID":"3147912","Picture":"mt0001/bc84567bfd36087ecef019896e06645f69108a04822c701098d129686d6758c0e6b927dcbd51b050.jpg","PictureDomain":"img67","Name":"供應(yīng)液相色譜儀","Type":"","Descrip":"分析型高效液相色譜儀LC500產(chǎn)品類別國(guó)產(chǎn)價(jià)格區(qū)間5萬(wàn)-10萬(wàn)儀器種類常規(guī)分析高效應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域食品,化工,生物產(chǎn)業(yè),電子,紡織皮革L(fēng)C500HPLC高效液相色譜儀梯度系統(tǒng)：該儀器是一款非常經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用的梯度洗脫分析系統(tǒng)，可完成高壓二元梯度洗脫；與低壓四元梯度相比，具有-----更高的梯度精度，梯度響應(yīng)快，混合不會(huì)產(chǎn)生氣泡的特點(diǎn)。","CompanyName":"杭州天釗科技有限公司","CompanyID":"140752","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"138","City":"萍鄉(xiāng)市","Address":"萍鄉(xiāng)市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"93","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674512","StandUrl":"/st140752","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:12:00","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103147912","UserID":"153742","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1951275","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"劉經(jīng)理","TelPhone":"0799-6838002","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"高效液相色譜儀，半制備、制備液相色譜，DAC色譜分離系統(tǒng)、色譜工作站 及實(shí)驗(yàn)室相關(guān)配套產(chǎn)品","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"6762","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/25 7:41:27","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13517991832"},{"ID":"3117285","Picture":"mt0001/f497e47f819808746efb36a39f156647acc0035d18e7595b46a938a8893400d7382f543f7d4e471d.png","PictureDomain":"img56","Name":"供應(yīng)金剛石噴霧拋光劑廠家","Type":"W0.25/0.5/1.0/2.5/3.5/5.0","Descrip":"用 途：本產(chǎn)品廣泛應(yīng)用于各種金屬、陶瓷、復(fù)合材料及玻 璃、寶石等的研磨和拋光。本產(chǎn)品對(duì)人體無毒無害， 對(duì)環(huán)境無污染。成 分：優(yōu)質(zhì)金剛石微粉和研磨拋光介質(zhì)使用方法：使用前搖勻，倒置噴出精兢高效金剛石噴霧拋光劑W2.5um源頭工廠","CompanyName":"杭州精兢檢測(cè)儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"139959","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"99","City":"杭州市","Address":"杭州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"87","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674512","StandUrl":"/st139959","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:12:01","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103117285","UserID":"152949","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1924641","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"舒君偉","TelPhone":"4001814110","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"布洛維氏硬度計(jì),金相顯微鏡,金相磨拋機(jī),金相切割機(jī),金相耗材,影像測(cè)量?jī)x,拉力試驗(yàn)機(jī),高低溫試驗(yàn)箱,扭力扳手,扭矩測(cè)試儀","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"12139","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/8/15 18:33:04","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15268114110"},{"ID":"2867542","Picture":"mt0001/d939ceae0c7984b810b66b71a78c8078a6ebc905492111667002708a893972e7cf4b67b35fbf0e94.jpg","PictureDomain":"img54","Name":"國(guó)產(chǎn)反滲透設(shè)備價(jià)格","Type":"","Descrip":"RO反滲透純水設(shè)備主要是分離溶液中的離子范圍，它無需加熱，更沒有相變過程，因此比傳統(tǒng)的方法能耗低。反滲透裝置體積小，操作簡(jiǎn)單，適用范圍比較廣。","CompanyName":"上海勃杰環(huán)保設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"133215","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"176","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674512","StandUrl":"/st133215","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 7:12:25","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102867542","UserID":"146204","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1793621","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"葉先生","TelPhone":"021-80370588","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"一體化隔油提升裝置，污水提升設(shè)備，實(shí)驗(yàn)室廢水處理設(shè)備，納米光子消毒機(jī)，RO反滲透裝置，氣動(dòng)冷凝水回收設(shè)備， 疏水自動(dòng)加壓器，汽水分離器，靜態(tài)混合器，疊片式過濾器，泳池殺菌消毒過濾設(shè)備，次氯酸鈉發(fā)生器，臭氧發(fā)生器，粉末活性炭投加裝置，PACPAC加藥裝置，一體化污水處理設(shè)備，氣動(dòng)機(jī)械泵，","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"2","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"17053","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/12/8 1:38:31","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營(yíng)銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13918815069"}]