欲速則不達：農(nóng)機合作社管理機制待完善

2016-06-20 16:43:07 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 作者：sydneylulu 閱讀量：26800 評論

 　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)機械化已經(jīng)進入了一個快速發(fā)展階段，發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)機械化必須大力發(fā)展農(nóng)機社會化服務組織，而其佳組織形式是組建農(nóng)機經(jīng)濟合作組織。農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社在農(nóng)機社會化服務體系建設(shè)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)中正發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。然而，在農(nóng)機合作社蓬勃發(fā)展的熱潮中，筆者不禁思考：發(fā)展農(nóng)機合作社的真正意義在哪里？它是否真正發(fā)揮了作用？發(fā)展過程中一帆風順沒有任何問題？綜觀農(nóng)機合作社的大多數(shù)問題，其實問題在于管理。
　　

       農(nóng)機化進入發(fā)展快車道 設(shè)立合作社很有必要
　　
　　各地農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社蓬勃興起，使農(nóng)機服務的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈進一步延長，較好地解決農(nóng)民以往“有機找活難、有活無機干”的弊端，有效化解了長期存在的機械利用率低、產(chǎn)出效益差等癥結(jié)，通過實行自主經(jīng)營、自主管理、自主發(fā)展的農(nóng)機化運作模式，使農(nóng)機生產(chǎn)與市場取得良性對接，增強了農(nóng)機服務群體抗御風險的能力，解決了集體經(jīng)濟“統(tǒng)”不起來、國家經(jīng)濟部門包攬不了、農(nóng)民單家獨戶辦不了的事，成為農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)機社會化服務體系的重要組成部分。
　　
　　長話短說：發(fā)展農(nóng)機合作社有四大益處
　　
　　有利于提高農(nóng)機具的使用效率，提高工作效率，大縮短了“三夏”、“三秋”的作業(yè)時間。
　　
　　有利于加速農(nóng)業(yè)的新機具、新技術(shù)的推廣，促進農(nóng)業(yè)的機械化裝備水平。
　　
　　有利于提高組織化程度。通過機具、資金、技術(shù)、人才等整合，合理地調(diào)劑了農(nóng)機具的有償使用，起到了整合農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)要素的作用，解決了農(nóng)機部門包不了、村級集體統(tǒng)不了、一家一戶干不了的問題，滿足了農(nóng)戶之間對農(nóng)業(yè)機械的不同需求，提高了農(nóng)業(yè)機械的使用率，帶動了農(nóng)業(yè)機械化的發(fā)展。
　　
　　有利于打破小農(nóng)意識，增強會員的團結(jié)協(xié)作精神。有了合作組織的統(tǒng)一調(diào)度安排和統(tǒng)一收費標準，保證作業(yè)質(zhì)量、避免無序競爭。
　　
　　有效帶動農(nóng)民發(fā)展農(nóng)機化的積極性
　　
　　近幾年來，各地開始陸續(xù)開展農(nóng)機化服務組織建設(shè)，開展農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社建設(shè)，農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的建設(shè)加快了各地農(nóng)機服務社會化、市場化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展步伐。重點扶持發(fā)展農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社，指導農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社制定章程制度，并上墻公布，幫助他們謀化固定辦公場所、機具庫、配件庫、油料庫等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。
　　
　　結(jié)合農(nóng)機示范村建設(shè)，與上級農(nóng)機管理部門和財政部門溝通，對部分典型合作社機庫、維修間等建設(shè)給予適當?shù)难a助。對農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社聘用的人員優(yōu)先進行培訓，優(yōu)先為農(nóng)機合作社提供市場信息、技術(shù)培訓等服務，優(yōu)先發(fā)放跨區(qū)作業(yè)證。
　　
　　農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的建設(shè)與發(fā)展，帶動了農(nóng)民發(fā)展農(nóng)機化的積極性，改善了農(nóng)機裝備結(jié)構(gòu)，提高了農(nóng)機社會化服務功能，助推了農(nóng)業(yè)增效，有利于促進農(nóng)民增收，提高了各地農(nóng)業(yè)機械化水平，增進了現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展進程，在實現(xiàn)各地農(nóng)業(yè)機械化跨越式發(fā)展中起到了積極的推動作用。
　　
　　盡管如此，農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社發(fā)展中還是存在一些不可忽視的問題：
　　
　　管理分散，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)薄弱：隨著人們對農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的發(fā)展逐漸認識，發(fā)展農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的積極性也越來越高。但在某些方面同時也制約了合作社的發(fā)展。在合作社發(fā)展中，在給予農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作購買機具實行補貼的同時，應加強對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的投入，如合作社的建設(shè)機庫、修理間、油料間，做到統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃、統(tǒng)一施工，并給予經(jīng)濟補助?，F(xiàn)在的農(nóng)機作業(yè)費太高，主要是油料漲幅太高，導致農(nóng)機作業(yè)費上漲，對農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作作業(yè)應適當給予油料補貼，促進農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。
　　
　　有的農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社雖然組織農(nóng)機手在工商部門注冊辦起了合作社，但實際上幾乎這些合作社還是分散式管理，根本沒組織起來統(tǒng)一管理、統(tǒng)一作業(yè)、統(tǒng)一服務，沒有真正發(fā)揮農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社的作用。大部分農(nóng)機專業(yè)合作社沒有完整的制度，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)薄弱，沒有固定的辦公場所，即使有辦公場所，也是相當簡陋。沒有機具庫、油料間和修理間，機具長年裸露停在室外，減少了機具的使用壽命。
　　

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